Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Level 11, Block 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
Division of Supportive and Palliative Care, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, Singapore, 168583, Singapore.
BMC Med Educ. 2024 Nov 27;24(1):1380. doi: 10.1186/s12909-024-06357-3.
Mentoring's success in nurturing professional identity formation (PIF) has been attributed to its ability to build personalised and enduring mentoring relationships. However, beyond functioning as communities of practice (CoPs) supporting socialisation processes, how mentoring integrates programme values and instils a shared identity amongst mentees remains unclear. The need for personalised guidance and timely attention to a mentee's unique needs in evolving mentoring relationships point to the critical role of support mechanisms ('mentoring support'). We conducted a systematic scoping review (SSR) studying "What is known about mentoring support's role in nurturing PIF?".
Adopting PRISMA-ScR guidelines, this SSR was guided by the Systematic Evidence-Based Approach (SEBA). Independent searches were carried out on publications featured between 1st January 2000 and 30th June 2023 in PubMed, Embase, ERIC and Scopus databases. The Split Approach saw concurrent, independent thematic and content analyses of the included articles. The Jigsaw Perspective combined complementary themes and categories, creating broader themes/categories. The subsequent Funnelling Process formed key domains that platformed the synthesis of the discussion.
Two thousand three hundred forty-one abstracts were reviewed, 323 full-text articles were appraised and 151 articles were included and analysed. The key domains identified were (1) definitions and roles; (2) personalisation; (3) shepherding; and (4) PIF.
The success of mentoring in PIF lies in its ability to blend role modelling, supervision, mentoring, coaching and teaching, with self-care, guided reflection, apprenticeship and assessment to meet the individual needs of the mentee and their changing circumstances. Blending the contents of the mentoring umbrella emphasises the critical role of the mentor and host organisation in supporting mentor training, communications, support and assessment mechanisms. Mentee engagement and its active role in support measures complement the CoP-like mentoring programme's use of blending mentoring support to advance the socialisation process. These insights reflect a complex interactive process scaffolding the development of mentoring relationships and PIF. The effect of the mentoring umbrella on clinical practice requires further study.
指导在培养专业身份认同（PIF）方面的成功归因于其建立个性化和持久指导关系的能力。然而，除了作为支持社会化过程的实践共同体（CoP）之外，指导如何整合计划价值观并在学员中灌输共同身份仍然不清楚。个性化指导和及时关注学员在不断发展的指导关系中的独特需求的必要性指向支持机制（“指导支持”）的关键作用。我们进行了一项系统范围审查（SSR），研究“关于指导支持在培养 PIF 方面的作用，有哪些已知信息？”。
本 SSR 采用 PRISMA-ScR 指南，由系统循证方法（SEBA）指导。在 PubMed、Embase、ERIC 和 Scopus 数据库中独立搜索了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2023 年 6 月 30 日期间发表的出版物。分阶段方法对纳入的文章进行了同时、独立的主题和内容分析。拼图视角将互补的主题和类别结合在一起，创建更广泛的主题/类别。随后的漏斗过程形成了平台讨论综合的关键领域。
审查了 2341 篇摘要，评估了 323 篇全文文章，纳入并分析了 151 篇文章。确定的关键领域是（1）定义和角色；（2）个性化；（3）引导；和（4）PIF。
指导在 PIF 中的成功在于其能够将角色建模、监督、指导、辅导和教学与自我保健、引导反思、学徒和评估相结合，以满足学员的个人需求和不断变化的情况。融合指导伞的内容强调了导师和主办组织在支持导师培训、沟通、支持和评估机制方面的关键作用。学员参与及其在支持措施中的积极作用补充了 CoP 式指导计划对融合指导支持的利用，以推进社会化过程。这些见解反映了一个复杂的互动过程，支撑着指导关系和 PIF 的发展。指导伞对临床实践的影响需要进一步研究。
