Yale University, Institution for Social and Policy Studies, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Political Science, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Sci Data. 2024 Nov 28;11(1):1304. doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-04017-1.
Ballots are the core records of elections. Electronic records of actual ballots cast (cast vote records) are available to the public in some jurisdictions. However, they have been released in a variety of formats and have not been independently evaluated. Here we introduce a database of cast vote records from the 2020 U.S. general election. We downloaded publicly available unstandardized cast vote records, standardized them into a multi-state database, and extensively compared their totals to certified election results. Our release includes vote records for President, Governor, U.S. Senate and House, and state upper and lower chambers, covering 42.7 million voters in 20 states who voted for more than 2,200 candidates. This database serves as a uniquely granular administrative dataset for studying voting behavior and election administration. Using this data, we show that in battleground states, 1.9 percent of solid Republicans (as defined by their congressional and state legislative voting) in our database split their ticket for Joe Biden, while 1.2 percent of solid Democrats split their ticket for Donald Trump.
选票是选举的核心记录。在某些司法管辖区，公众可以获得实际选票的电子记录（投票记录）。然而，这些记录以各种格式发布，尚未经过独立评估。在这里，我们介绍了 2020 年美国大选的投票记录数据库。我们下载了公开的非标准化投票记录，将其标准化为一个多州数据库，并将其总数与认证的选举结果进行了广泛比较。我们的发布包括总统、州长、美国参议院和众议院以及州上议院和下议院的投票记录，涵盖了 20 个州的 4270 万选民，他们投票给了 2200 多名候选人。该数据库是研究投票行为和选举管理的独特细粒度行政数据集。使用这些数据，我们表明，在摇摆州，我们数据库中 1.9%的坚定共和党人（根据他们在国会和州立法机构的投票定义）将选票投给了乔·拜登，而 1.2%的坚定民主党人将选票投给了唐纳德·特朗普。
