Novianto Dimas, Hadi Upik Kesumawati, Soviana Susi, Kaewthamasorn Morakot, Darusman Huda Shalahudin
Division of Medical Entomology and Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia.
Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2025 Mar;72(2):136-149. doi: 10.1111/zph.13192. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
Aedes-borne diseases, such as Zika and Chikungunya, originate from an enzootic cycle in which non-human primates (NHPs) function as reservoirs. This study aimed to analyze the characteristic habitat and ecological niche models of Aedes albopictus within the confines of a Primate Research Center (PRC), to assess its potential as a site for zoonotic arbovirus transmission. Additionally, this study aimed to construct a comprehensive map to delineate the risks of arbovirus transmission.
A 1-year direct field survey was conducted from January to December 2022 in the PRC to obtain comprehensive data on the presence of larvae, including their conditions, habitat types, and physicochemical characteristics. Larval collection was meticulously performed at potential breeding sites using a 350 ml dipper and pipette. Information on the ecological niche was compiled based on a combination of general environmental variables and mosquito presence data obtained from direct field surveys using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model.
In total, 120 presence points for Ae. albopictus larvae were obtained from the PRC area, with 23.02% of the larvae found in buckets as artificial habitats, and 18.25% found in bromeliad plants as natural habitat types. Larvae of Ae. albopictus occupy artificial habitats that are not turbid, exposed to direct sunlight, and devoid of predators. The abundances and occurrences of Ae. albopictus larvae was found to be significantly influenced by pH and total dissolved solids. This study showed that the PRC was a suitable habitat for breeding Ae. albopictus larvae, with the distance to buildings emerging as a significant environmental variable in the species distribution model CONCLUSIONS: The fine-scale empirical model developed for Ae. albopictus and its habitat characteristics not only provide insights into the suitability of vector habitats, but can also be used assess the risk of arbovirus transmission, potentially informing strategies for controlling mosquito breeding sites within the PRC.
寨卡和基孔肯雅等伊蚊传播疾病源于一种动物疫源地循环，其中非人类灵长类动物（NHPs）充当宿主。本研究旨在分析灵长类动物研究中心（PRC）范围内白纹伊蚊的特征栖息地和生态位模型，以评估其作为人畜共患虫媒病毒传播场所的可能性。此外，本研究旨在绘制一幅综合地图，描绘虫媒病毒传播风险。
2022年1月至12月在灵长类动物研究中心进行了为期1年的直接实地调查，以获取有关幼虫存在情况的全面数据，包括其状况、栖息地类型和理化特征。使用350毫升水勺和移液管在潜在繁殖地精心收集幼虫。基于一般环境变量和通过最大熵（MaxEnt）模型从直接实地调查获得的蚊子存在数据的组合，汇编了生态位信息。
从灵长类动物研究中心区域共获得120个白纹伊蚊幼虫存在点，其中23.02%的幼虫在水桶等人工栖息地中被发现，18.25%在凤梨科植物等自然栖息地类型中被发现。白纹伊蚊幼虫占据不浑浊、暴露于直射阳光且没有捕食者的人工栖息地。发现白纹伊蚊幼虫的丰度和出现情况受pH值和总溶解固体的显著影响。本研究表明，灵长类动物研究中心是白纹伊蚊幼虫繁殖的适宜栖息地，在物种分布模型中，与建筑物的距离成为一个重要的环境变量。结论：为白纹伊蚊及其栖息地特征开发的精细尺度实证模型不仅能深入了解媒介栖息地的适宜性，还可用于评估虫媒病毒传播风险，有可能为灵长类动物研究中心内控制蚊子繁殖地的策略提供参考。
