Miller D L, Lamore B J, Boraker D K
Ultrasound Med Biol. 1986 Mar;12(3):209-16. doi: 10.1016/0301-5629(86)90311-x.
The efficacy of pulsed ultrasound in removing ABO blood group antigens from human erythrocytes was investigated in vitro. Cell suspensions were exposed to 5.25 MHz focused ultrasound with 1.23 microseconds pulses, at 0, 20, and 37 degrees C using spatial peak, pulse average intensities of 11, 126, and 1000 W/cm2 and pulse spacings of 10, 100, and 1000 microseconds. A second experiment involved application of 7.5 MHz pulses of 0.77 microseconds duration and 8 W/cm2 SPPA intensity which were spaced 1.25 ms apart. Exposed cells were tested for agglutination by antibody to determine changes in antigen expression. In addition, supernates from exposed cells were tested for the presence of soluble antigen. A sensitive capillary tube agglutination technique was developed for these experiments. No detectable antigen removal occurred as a result of any of the pulsed ultrasound exposures as compared to sham exposures. A positive control, which employed antigenic material prepared from cells disrupted by ultrasonic cavitation, indicated that the assay could detect the soluble antigen equivalent of about one cell in 10,000.
体外研究了脉冲超声去除人红细胞ABO血型抗原的效果。细胞悬液在0、20和37摄氏度下，分别以11、126和1000 W/cm²的空间峰值、脉冲平均强度以及10、100和1000微秒的脉冲间隔，暴露于5.25兆赫聚焦超声，脉冲宽度为1.23微秒。第二个实验采用了持续时间为0.77微秒、空间峰值脉冲平均强度为8 W/cm²的7.5兆赫脉冲，脉冲间隔为1.25毫秒。通过抗体检测暴露细胞的凝集情况，以确定抗原表达的变化。此外，检测暴露细胞的上清液中是否存在可溶性抗原。为这些实验开发了一种灵敏的毛细管凝集技术。与假暴露相比，任何脉冲超声暴露均未导致可检测到的抗原去除。阳性对照采用由超声空化破坏的细胞制备的抗原物质，表明该检测方法能够检测到相当于10000个细胞中约一个细胞的可溶性抗原。
