Pu Ju, Lin Xiaoxia, Dong Wenge
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Control and Prevention, Institute of Pathogens and Vectors, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China.
Parasitology. 2024 Sep;151(10):1085-1095. doi: 10.1017/S0031182024000635. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
belongs to Arthropoda, Insecta, Siphonaptera, Ceratophylloidea, Ceratophyllinae, . Only 2 species from the subfamily Ceratophyllinae have been sequenced for mitogenomes to date. The genus mitogenome research was still blank. The mitogenome was determined, annotated and analysed for the first time in this study. The 14 825 bp long genome has the typical metazoan of 37 genes with insect ancestral genome arrangement pattern. There was no significant difference in codon usage of 13 protein-coding genes: UUA, UCU, GUU, ACU and GCU were the most frequently used codons. It was found that the reason for codon preference mainly contributed to natural selection base on PR2, ENC-plot and neutrality curve analysis. Evolutionary rate, conserved sites, variable sites and nucleotide diversity analysis indicated that of had the fastest evolutionary rate, while had the slowest evolutionary rate. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on 13 protein-coding genes and 2 rRNA genes datasets using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood method. The phylogenetic tree supported that both Siphonaptera and Mecoptera were monophyletic, and were sister groups to each other. This study filled gap of the genus mitogenome sequences and was of great significance for understanding evolution of the order Siphonaptera.
属于节肢动物门、昆虫纲、蚤目、角叶蚤总科、角叶蚤亚科。迄今为止，角叶蚤亚科仅有2个物种的线粒体基因组被测序。该属的线粒体基因组研究仍为空白。本研究首次测定、注释并分析了该属的线粒体基因组。这个长度为14825 bp的基因组具有后生动物典型的37个基因，呈昆虫祖先基因组排列模式。13个蛋白质编码基因的密码子使用情况没有显著差异：UUA、UCU、GUU、ACU和GCU是最常用的密码子。基于PR2、ENC-图和中性曲线分析发现，密码子偏好的原因主要是自然选择。进化速率、保守位点、可变位点和核苷酸多样性分析表明，该属的[具体物种1]进化速率最快，而[具体物种2]进化速率最慢。基于13个蛋白质编码基因和2个rRNA基因数据集，使用贝叶斯推断和最大似然法重建了系统发育树。系统发育树支持蚤目和长翅目均为单系群，且互为姐妹群。本研究填补了该属线粒体基因组序列的空白，对理解蚤目的进化具有重要意义。
