Chen Guangbin, Qu Bo, Liu Pan, Zhang Zhengdong
School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2024 Dec 4;21(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s12986-024-00877-x.
The modified Dietary Inflammation Index Score (M-DIS) is a scoring system used to quantify the inflammatory effects of nutrients and foods. Inflammation may affect Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. The purpose of this study was to utilize data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to evaluate the relationship between M-DIS and lumbar vertebrae BMD in patients with hypertension.
Data from 2007 to 2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014 and 2017-2018 NHANES cycles were collected for secondary analysis. Information provided by NHANES participants included complete dietary intake interviews and BMD measurements. M-DIS was calculated based on dietary intake interviews. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to evaluate the average BMD of lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4). As an indicator of bone health, weighted multiple logistic regression and restricted spline analysis were utilized to study the relationship between M-DIS and lumbar vertebrae BMD in American patients with hypertension.
A total of 3864 participants aged ≥ 20 years with complete data were included in this study. The proportion of osteopenia in the lumbar spine was 7.2%. After adjusting for confounding factors, negative correlations were observed between the BMD of each vertebral and its average BMD with M-DIS. In Model 3, the relationship between mean lumbar BMD and M-DIS was β = - 0.0103 (95% CI - 0.0160 to - 0.0046, P < 0.001). Notably, L1 showed a particularly significant negative correlation with β = - 0.0120 (95% CI - 0.0172 to - 0.0067, P < 0.001), while the proportion of osteopenia was highest in the L3 vertebra, accounting for 8.3%. Higher M-DIS was positively correlated with the incidence of osteopenia (OR 0.595, 95% CI 0.371-0.965, P = 0.041). Further analyses revealed that in hypertensive patients, elevated M-DIS in women was associated with lower lumbar BMD (P for nonlinearity = 0.093), while this trend was not significant in hypertensive men.
The results of this study suggest that a higher M-DIS (pro-inflammatory diet) is significantly associated with BMD in females with hypertension. These results indicate that female with hypertension who prefer a pro-inflammatory diet may be at an increased risk of osteopenia, highlighting the necessity for tailored dietary recommendations.
改良饮食炎症指数评分（M-DIS）是一种用于量化营养素和食物炎症效应的评分系统。炎症可能影响骨密度（BMD）并增加骨质疏松症和骨折的风险。本研究的目的是利用国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据来评估高血压患者中M-DIS与腰椎骨密度之间的关系。
收集2007年至2008年、2009 - 2010年、2013 - 2014年和2017 - 2018年NHANES周期的数据进行二次分析。NHANES参与者提供的信息包括完整的饮食摄入访谈和骨密度测量。M-DIS基于饮食摄入访谈进行计算。采用双能X线吸收法（DXA）评估腰椎（L1 - L4）的平均骨密度。作为骨骼健康指标，利用加权多元逻辑回归和受限样条分析研究美国高血压患者中M-DIS与腰椎骨密度之间的关系。
本研究共纳入3864名年龄≥20岁且数据完整的参与者。腰椎骨质减少的比例为7.2%。在调整混杂因素后，观察到每个椎体的骨密度及其平均骨密度与M-DIS之间呈负相关。在模型3中，腰椎平均骨密度与M-DIS之间的关系为β = -0.0103（95%CI -0.0160至 -0.0046，P < 0.001）。值得注意的是，L1显示出特别显著的负相关，β = -0.0120（95%CI -0.0172至 -0.0067，P < 0.001），而L3椎体的骨质减少比例最高，为8.3%。较高的M-DIS与骨质减少的发生率呈正相关（OR 0.595，95%CI 0.371 - 0.965，P = 0.041）。进一步分析表明，在高血压患者中，女性M-DIS升高与腰椎骨密度降低有关（非线性P值 = 0.093），而在高血压男性中这种趋势不显著。
本研究结果表明，较高的M-DIS（促炎饮食）与高血压女性的骨密度显著相关。这些结果表明，偏好促炎饮食的高血压女性可能骨质减少风险增加，凸显了制定个性化饮食建议的必要性。
