Gürel A, Unal N, Elevli M, Eren A
Anesth Analg. 1986 May;65(5):499-502.
Postoperative analgesia and side effects of a single dose of 20 ml of 2% epidural prilocaine followed immediately by either morphine (3 mg in 3 ml saline) or saline (3 ml) were studied in 79 patients scheduled for anorectal surgery. Pain relief was evaluated by a linear scale for 24 hr and by an assessment of the requirement for parenteral analgesics. Of the patients given epidural morphine, 25% did not require analgesics, whereas all patients given prilocaine alone asked for additional analgesia. Remaining patients given morphine were pain-free for a mean duration of 7.6 +/- 5.1 hr (SD). Only 9% of patients given morphine required a maximum of three analgesic parenteral injections in 24 hr. Urinary retention was the most prominent side effect observed in patients given epidural morphine. No early or delayed respiratory depression was noted in our patients.
在79例计划行肛肠手术的患者中，研究了单次硬膜外注射20毫升2%丙胺卡因后立即注射吗啡（3毫克溶于3毫升生理盐水中）或生理盐水（3毫升）的术后镇痛效果及副作用。通过线性量表评估24小时的疼痛缓解情况，并评估胃肠外镇痛药的需求。接受硬膜外吗啡的患者中，25%不需要镇痛药，而仅接受丙胺卡因的所有患者均要求追加镇痛。其余接受吗啡的患者平均无痛持续时间为7.6±5.1小时（标准差）。接受吗啡的患者中只有9%在24小时内最多需要三次胃肠外镇痛注射。尿潴留是接受硬膜外吗啡患者中观察到的最突出的副作用。我们的患者未观察到早期或延迟性呼吸抑制。
