Liu Na, Li Mengyan
Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.
National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'An, 271018, PR China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Dec;31(59):66854-66865. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35725-1. Epub 2024 Dec 7.
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) embrace perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and other concerning chemicals of different chain length and terminal moieties. PFAAs can leach from municipal wastewater facilities as point sources discharging into rivers and receiving streams. In this study, we investigated the adsorption and transport behaviors of six select PFAAs in a Hudson River (USA) sediment in both batch and mesocosm studies. The adsorption capacities single and dual solute systems followed the order: PFBA < PFHxA ≈ PFBS < PFHxS < PFOA << PFOS. Mesocosm experiment that receives a continuous point source discharge of a mixture of these six PFAAs reached equilibrium after 4 weeks of operation. Total adsorbed PFAAs in the sediment was extracted and analyzed, following PFHxS (0.85 mg, 20.4%) ≈ PFBS (0.92 mg, 21.7%) < PFOA (1.02 mg, 27.3%) ≈ PFHxA (1.04 mg, 29.8%) < PFBA (1.12 mg, 30.1%) << PFOS (1.55 mg, 39.2%). PFOS showed highest adsorption, concentrating on the surface layer. Noticeably, two short-chain PFAAs, PFBA and PFHxA, were found with high vertical mobility, partitioning into deeper sediment. Two hotspots for PFAA sediment contamination were formed near the sediment surface downstream from the point source, providing new prospects to guide PFAA sediment cleanup and monitoring. Graphical abstract.
全氟烷基酸（PFAA）包括全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）以及其他具有不同链长和末端基团的相关化学品。PFAA可作为点源从城市污水处理设施中沥出，排入河流和受纳溪流。在本研究中，我们通过批次实验和中宇宙实验，研究了六种选定的PFAA在美国哈得逊河沉积物中的吸附和迁移行为。单溶质和双溶质系统的吸附容量顺序为：全氟丁酸（PFBA）＜全氟己酸（PFHxA）≈全氟丁烷磺酸（PFBS）＜全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）＜全氟辛酸（PFOA）＜＜全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）。接收这六种PFAA混合物连续点源排放的中宇宙实验在运行4周后达到平衡。对沉积物中总吸附的PFAA进行提取和分析，结果如下：全氟己烷磺酸（0.85毫克，20.4%）≈全氟丁烷磺酸（0.92毫克，21.7%）＜全氟辛酸（1.02毫克，27.3%）≈全氟己酸（1.04毫克，29.8%）＜全氟丁酸（1.12毫克，30.1%）＜＜全氟辛烷磺酸（1.55毫克，39.2%）。PFOS的吸附量最高，集中在表层。值得注意的是，发现两种短链PFAA，即PFBA和PFHxA，具有较高的垂直迁移性，会分配到更深层的沉积物中。在点源下游沉积物表面附近形成了两个PFAA沉积物污染热点，为指导PFAA沉积物清理和监测提供了新的前景。图形摘要。
