Gharibshahian Elaheh, Gharibshahian Maliheh, Tafreshi Majid Jafar, Bahraminasab Marjan, Arab Samaneh
Department of Physics, National University of Skills (NUS), Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Physics, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 22;10(23):e40513. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40513. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
KTiOPO (KTP) nanoparticles (NPs) are potential materials as biolabels for long-term imaging. Optimizing their properties can lead to higher imaging efficiency and lower cytotoxicity and side effects. In this study, these nanoparticles were synthesized using the co-precipitation method and capping agents of oxalic acid and glycine. The capping agent's effect on the structural, optical, morphological, hemocompatibility, and biocompatibility properties of the obtained nanoparticles was studied. The smallest (12.56 nm) grain size and the lowest lattice strain (0.0024) were obtained using 1:1 and 1:3 mol ratios of glycine, respectively. Oxalic acid as a capping agent resulted in needle-type, flower-type, and oval-form NPs. Polygonal tablet form, cubic, and polyhedral forms of KTP NPs were synthesized using glycine. C-O-H bending bonds, O-H, N-H, and carbonyl (C=O) stretching bonds remain on the surface of synthesized NPs after heat treatment and functionalization of their surface. Our results showed that the surface functionalization modifies the biocompatibility properties of NPs. The 1:3 mol ratio of oxalic acid as a capping agent resulted in the perfect KTP NPs for long-term imaging studies. The presence of hydroxyl groups improved the biocompatibility of obtained KTP NPs using a 1:3 mol ratio of oxalic acid over time. The needle form of obtained NPs resulted in an increase in cell cytotoxicity at higher concentrations.
钛酸钾磷酸氧钛（KTP）纳米颗粒（NPs）是用于长期成像的潜在生物标记材料。优化其性能可提高成像效率并降低细胞毒性和副作用。在本研究中，采用共沉淀法以及草酸和甘氨酸封端剂合成了这些纳米颗粒。研究了封端剂对所得纳米颗粒的结构、光学、形态、血液相容性和生物相容性的影响。分别使用1:1和1:3摩尔比的甘氨酸获得了最小（12.56纳米）的晶粒尺寸和最低的晶格应变（0.0024）。草酸作为封端剂可生成针状、花状和椭圆形的纳米颗粒。使用甘氨酸合成了多边形片状、立方体形和多面体形的KTP纳米颗粒。在对合成纳米颗粒进行热处理和表面功能化后，C-O-H弯曲键、O-H、N-H和羰基（C=O）伸缩键保留在其表面。我们的结果表明，表面功能化改变了纳米颗粒的生物相容性。1:3摩尔比的草酸作为封端剂可生成用于长期成像研究的理想KTP纳米颗粒。随着时间的推移，羟基的存在提高了使用1:3摩尔比草酸获得的KTP纳米颗粒的生物相容性。所得纳米颗粒的针状形态在较高浓度下会导致细胞毒性增加。
