Wang Ran, Li Quanzhi, Xue Weiqi
Sports Department, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Sports Training Academy, Nanjing Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Nov 25;6:1477347. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1477347. eCollection 2024.
This meta-analysis systematically evaluates the influence of small-sided game (SSG) on the counter-movement jump (CMJ) height and 20-meter sprint capabilities of handball players.
Systematic searches of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) databases were performed up to February 2024.
A total of 8 studies with 184 participants were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated significant improvements in CMJ (cm) in handball players (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) = -1.06, 95% CI[-1.99, -0.12], Z = 2.22, = 0.03). For the 20 m sprint capability, the results were WMD = -0.07, 95% CI[-0.14, 0.01], Z = 1.82, = 0.07. Subgroup analysis by age: ≥19 years old WMD = -0.02, 95% CI[-0.08, 0.03], and <19 years old WMD = -0.10, 95% CI[-0.21, 0.00], indicating no significant impact on the 20-m (s) performance improvement. Gender subgroup analysis showed male WMD = -0.01, 95% CI[-0.08,0.07] and female WMD = -0.11, 95%CI[-0.19, -0.03; < 0.05], suggesting better improvement in females.
The present study reveals that SSG training has varying impacts on 20 m sprint performance among handball players of different ages and genders. Specifically, there is no significant improvement in the 20 m sprint performance between players aged <19 and ≥19, while female players show greater improvement in the 20-m (s) compared to male players. These differences could be attributed to the physiological, psychological, and adaptive training differences between athletes of different ages and genders. Although SSG plays an essential role in training handball players, particularly in enhancing lower limb explosive strength and overall game performance, it is recommended to combine SSG with other targeted strength and explosive power training to maximize the enhancement of lower limb explosive power in handball players. Comprehensive training can effectively improve the lower limb explosive strength of athletes while also addressing the development of other key athletic qualities to achieve the best training outcomes. Therefore, coaches should fully consider the individual differences and training needs of athletes when designing training plans, and reasonably allocate the proportion and sequence of SSG with other training methods to maximize training effectiveness.
本荟萃分析系统评估小场地比赛（SSG）对手球运动员反向纵跳（CMJ）高度和20米冲刺能力的影响。
截至2024年2月，对PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆和中国知网（CNKI）数据库进行了系统检索。
共纳入8项研究，184名参与者。荟萃分析表明，手球运动员的CMJ（厘米）有显著改善（加权平均差（WMD）=-1.06，95%置信区间[-1.99，-0.12]，Z=2.22，P=0.03）。对于20米冲刺能力，结果为WMD=-0.07，95%置信区间[-0.14，0.01]，Z=1.82，P=0.07。按年龄进行亚组分析：≥19岁WMD=-0.02，95%置信区间[-0.08，0.03]，<19岁WMD=-0.10，95%置信区间[-0.21，0.00]，表明对20米（秒）成绩提高无显著影响。性别亚组分析显示男性WMD=-0.01，95%置信区间[-0.08，0.07]，女性WMD=-0.11，95%置信区间[-0.19，-0.03]；P<0.05，表明女性改善更好。
本研究表明，SSG训练对不同年龄和性别的手球运动员20米冲刺成绩有不同影响。具体而言，<19岁和≥19岁的运动员在20米冲刺成绩上没有显著提高，而女性运动员在20米（秒）方面的改善比男性运动员更大。这些差异可能归因于不同年龄和性别的运动员在生理、心理和适应性训练方面的差异。尽管SSG在训练手球运动员中起着至关重要的作用，特别是在增强下肢爆发力和整体比赛表现方面，但建议将SSG与其他有针对性的力量和爆发力训练相结合，以最大限度地提高手球运动员的下肢爆发力。综合训练可以有效提高运动员的下肢爆发力，同时也有助于发展其他关键运动素质，以实现最佳训练效果。因此，教练在设计训练计划时应充分考虑运动员的个体差异和训练需求，并合理分配SSG与其他训练方法的比例和顺序，以最大限度地提高训练效果。
