Bělka Jan, Hůlka Karel, Šafář Michal
Department of Sport, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Social Sciences in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
J Hum Kinet. 2023 Jul 15;87:151-161. doi: 10.5114/jhk/163070. eCollection 2023 Jul.
The main aim of the study was to compare the training methods of continuous endurance training versus handball small-sided games (SSGs) in female handball players during the preseason. Eighteen female handball players from a first league in the Czech Republic voluntarily participated in the study. They were divided into two groups (the SSG group [n = 9; age: 21.22 ± 3.03 years] and a running group (RG) [n = 9; age: 23.78 ± 3.77 years]). Both groups continued regular preseason training for six weeks. The SSG group played two small-sided games per week (a total of 12 games during the monitoring period) in their training sessions during the monitored six-week period. The RG ran twice per week, participating in continuous endurance training in the 12 training sessions during the monitored six-week period. Fitness tests (pretest/posttest) were performed prior to the six weeks of intervention and one week afterwards. The order of the fitness tests in sequence was as follows: 20-m and 30-m sprints, a Modified Agility T test (MAT), a Standing Long-Jump Test, ball-throwing velocity, and a Yo-Yo Intermittent Test level 1. In the SSG group, there was a significant improvement in the T test (p = 0.034), ball-throwing velocity (p = 0.019), and the Yo-Yo IR1 (p = 0.003) performance. The RG showed a significant improvement in the Standing Long-Jump Test (p = 0.049), ball-throwing velocity (p = 0.003), and the Yo-Yo IR1 (p = 0.003) performance. In conclusion, the SSGT method had a positive effect on female players' MAT, ball-throwing velocity and YoYo IR1 results, and the CERT method had a significant effect only on the YoYo IR1 results. Handball SSGs are a more suitable training method due to exercise specificity.
本研究的主要目的是比较女子手球运动员在季前赛期间进行持续耐力训练与手球小场地比赛（SSG）这两种训练方法的效果。来自捷克共和国第一联赛的18名女子手球运动员自愿参与了该研究。她们被分为两组（SSG组[n = 9；年龄：21.22 ± 3.03岁]和跑步组（RG）[n = 9；年龄：23.78 ± 3.77岁]）。两组均进行为期六周的常规季前训练。在监测的六周期间，SSG组每周进行两场小场地比赛（监测期内共12场比赛），作为其训练课程的一部分。RG组每周跑步两次，在监测的六周期间的12次训练课中进行持续耐力训练。在六周干预前和干预后一周进行体能测试（预测试/后测试）。体能测试的顺序依次如下：20米和30米短跑、改良敏捷T测试（MAT）、立定跳远测试、投球速度以及Yo-Yo间歇测试1级。在SSG组中，T测试（p = 0.034）、投球速度（p = 0.019）和Yo-Yo IR1（p = 0.003）成绩有显著提高。RG组在立定跳远测试（p = 0.049）、投球速度（p = 0.003）和Yo-Yo IR1（p = 0.003）成绩方面有显著提高。总之，SSGT方法对女运动员的MAT、投球速度和YoYo IR1成绩有积极影响，而CERT方法仅对YoYo IR1成绩有显著影响。由于运动特异性，手球小场地比赛是一种更合适的训练方法。
