da Silva Gabriela Helena, Ji Jing, Maia Marcella Torres, Mattia Davide, Martinez Diego Stéfani Teodoro
Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Aquat Toxicol. 2025 Feb;279:107198. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.107198. Epub 2024 Dec 3.
The increase in anthropogenic activities has led to the release of numerous chemicals and pollutants into aquatic ecosystems, raising significant concerns for water quality and health. Among the emerging issues is the interaction between pollutants and nanomaterials (mixture effects). In this work, it was studied the combined toxicity of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) and cadmium (Cd) incorporating the influence of natural organic matter (NOM) to enhance ecological relevance for the first time. Colloidal stability studies showed that BNNS is highly unstable, aggregating and precipitating over time in mineral reconstituted water. However, the addition of natural organic matter stabilizes BNNS. Acute toxicity results showed that this material has a good biocompatibility with D. magna, not causing acute toxic effect (immobility) even at high concentration (100 mg L). Moreover, when combined with cadmium, BNNS exhibited a "Trojan horse" effect, enhancing Cd toxicity by facilitating its uptake at 1 mg L. 48h-EC values of Cd and BNNS+Cd were 0.21 and 0.14 mg L, respectively. Nevertheless, NOM (10 mg L) mitigated this combined toxicity effect after 48 h of exposure. These findings provide novel insights into nanomaterial-pollutant interactions linked to toxicological effects in aquatic environments, contributing to the risk assessment for the safe and sustainable development of the emerging boron nitride nanomaterials and novel products.
人为活动的增加导致大量化学物质和污染物释放到水生生态系统中，引发了对水质和健康的重大担忧。新出现的问题之一是污染物与纳米材料之间的相互作用（混合效应）。在这项工作中，首次研究了氮化硼纳米片（BNNS）和镉（Cd）的联合毒性，并纳入了天然有机物（NOM）的影响，以增强生态相关性。胶体稳定性研究表明，BNNS高度不稳定，在矿物重构水中会随着时间的推移而聚集和沉淀。然而，添加天然有机物可使BNNS稳定。急性毒性结果表明，这种材料与大型溞具有良好的生物相容性，即使在高浓度（100 mg/L）下也不会引起急性毒性效应（不动）。此外，当与镉结合时，BNNS表现出“特洛伊木马”效应，在1 mg/L时通过促进镉的吸收增强了镉的毒性。镉和BNNS+镉的48小时半数有效浓度（EC）值分别为0.21和0.14 mg/L。然而，暴露48小时后，天然有机物（10 mg/L）减轻了这种联合毒性效应。这些发现为与水生环境中毒理学效应相关的纳米材料-污染物相互作用提供了新的见解，有助于对新兴的氮化硼纳米材料和新产品进行安全和可持续发展的风险评估。
