Nafissi Nahid, Azad Armaki Saeed, Babaee Ebrahim, Babaheidarian Pegah, Safari Elaheh, Sayad Soheila, Saghafinia Samine, Safaee Masoumeh
Department of Breast Diseases Surgery, Breast Health and Cancer Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran.
Khatam Hospital Tehran, Iran.
Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2024 Nov 15;17(11):421-428. doi: 10.62347/EGXS1506. eCollection 2024.
EpCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) protein expression was detected in 45 to 90% of breast cancers in different studies, and high expression levels were associated with poor outcomes in several retrospective analyses. This study aims to investigate the relationship between EpCAM and clinicopathological parameters and survival in breast cancer.
This study was conducted as a Quasi-Experimental Cohort Study to explore 100 breast cancer patients. After the surgical excision of breast cancer, pathology blocks were deparaffinized and subjected to IHC (immunohistochemistry) for EpCAM examination. Using a Roche VENTANA Benchmark GX automated staining instrument and a well-established IHC staining protocol, the expression of EpCAM in breast cancer tissue was assessed. Independent sample T-test and Chi squared and Logistic Regression test with STATA version 17 software were used for data analysis.
The difference in the distribution of the negative state of biomarkers (ER = estrogen receptor, PR = Progesterone receptor) and EPCAM positive group was significant (-value = 0.002) (-value = 0.006). A statistically insignificant distinction was observed in the distribution of the HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor) and EPCAM groups (-value = 0.198). With 30.95% of those in the EPCAM-positive cohort experienced metastasis or recurrence. ER+ and PR+ decreased the chance of EPCAM positive by 0.25 and 0.29, respectively. HER2+ and Basal like breast cancer increase the chances of EPCAM being positive by 1.9 and 2.08, respectively. Basal like breast cancer increases the odds of EpCAM positive 2.19 times. Similarly, N2 and stage 3 increase the odds of EpCAM positive by 1.95 and 0.5 times, respectively.
We found that Basal like breast cancer, HER2+, and stage 3 increase the chance of EpCAM positivity. It seems that EPCAM positive cancer has more chance for recurrence and metastasis.
在不同研究中，45%至90%的乳腺癌中检测到上皮细胞粘附分子（EpCAM）蛋白表达，并且在多项回顾性分析中，高表达水平与不良预后相关。本研究旨在探讨EpCAM与乳腺癌临床病理参数及生存之间的关系。
本研究作为一项准实验队列研究，纳入了100例乳腺癌患者。在乳腺癌手术切除后，将病理组织块脱石蜡并进行EpCAM免疫组织化学（IHC）检查。使用罗氏VENTANA Benchmark GX自动染色仪和成熟的IHC染色方案，评估EpCAM在乳腺癌组织中的表达。采用独立样本T检验、卡方检验以及使用STATA 17软件进行逻辑回归检验进行数据分析。
生物标志物（雌激素受体[ER]、孕激素受体[PR]）阴性状态分布与EpCAM阳性组之间的差异具有统计学意义（P值 = 0.002）（P值 = 0.006）。在人表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）和EpCAM组的分布中观察到无统计学意义的差异（P值 = 0.198）。EpCAM阳性队列中有30.95%的患者发生转移或复发。ER+和PR+分别使EpCAM阳性的几率降低0.25和0.29。HER2+和基底样乳腺癌分别使EpCAM阳性的几率增加1.9和2.08倍。基底样乳腺癌使EpCAM阳性的几率增加2.19倍。同样，N2和3期分别使EpCAM阳性的几率增加1.95和0.5倍。
我们发现基底样乳腺癌、HER2+和3期增加了EpCAM阳性的几率。似乎EpCAM阳性的癌症有更多的复发和转移机会。
