Li Biwei, Su Linhai, Sun Yan, Huang Han, Deng Junming, Cao Zhiyong
College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2023 Jan 6;2023:1741724. doi: 10.1155/2023/1741724. eCollection 2023.
A 10-week trial was performed to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal with cottonseed meal (CSM) on the growth rate, protein metabolism, and antioxidant response of Asian red-tailed catfish . Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (C0, C8.5, C17.2, C25.7, and C34.4) were prepared to contain 0%, 8.5%, 17.2%, 25.7%, and 34.4% CSM replacing fishmeal, respectively. The weight gain, daily growth coefficient, pepsin, and intestinal amylase activities initially increased and then decreased with the raising dietary CSM levels; the highest values were observed in the C17.2 group ( < 0.05). However, feed cost exhibited the opposite trend. With the increasing dietary CSM levels, the protein efficiency ratio and intestinal trypsin activity decreased but feed conversion rate increased gradually; while no differences were observed among the C0, C8.5, and C17.2 groups ( > 0.05). Dietary CSM inclusion regardless of levels increased the plasma growth hormone level as well as hepatic aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and -glutamyl transpeptidase activities but decreased the plasma glutamate dehydrogenase and AST activities ( < 0.05). With the increasing dietary CSM levels, the plasma alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and hepatic superoxide dismutase activities decreased but malondialdehyde content increased gradually, while no differences were observed among the C0, C8.5, and C17.2 groups ( > 0.05). The plasma immunoglobulin M content and hepatic glutathione reductase activity initially increased but then decreased with the raising dietary CSM levels; the highest values were found in the C17.2 group. These results indicated that dietary CSM inclusion level up to 17.2% improved the growth rate, feed cost, digestive enzyme activity, and protein metabolism without compromising antioxidant capacity of , whereas these parameters were depressed by further inclusion of CSM. CSM is a potentially cost-effective alternative plant protein source in diet of .
进行了一项为期10周的试验，以研究用棉籽粕（CSM）替代鱼粉对亚洲红尾鲶生长率、蛋白质代谢和抗氧化反应的影响。制备了五种等氮等热量的饲料（C0、C8.5、C17.2、C25.7和C34.4），分别含有0%、8.5%、17.2%、25.7%和34.4%的CSM替代鱼粉。随着饲料中CSM水平的升高，体重增加、日生长系数、胃蛋白酶和肠淀粉酶活性最初升高，然后下降；在C17.2组中观察到最高值（<0.05）。然而，饲料成本呈现相反的趋势。随着饲料中CSM水平的增加，蛋白质效率比和肠胰蛋白酶活性下降，但饲料转化率逐渐增加；而C0、C8.5和C17.2组之间未观察到差异（>0.05）。无论CSM水平如何，饲料中添加CSM都会增加血浆生长激素水平以及肝脏天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶活性，但会降低血浆谷氨酸脱氢酶和AST活性（<0.05）。随着饲料中CSM水平的增加，血浆碱性磷酸酶（AKP）和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性下降，但丙二醛含量逐渐增加，而C0、C8.5和C17.2组之间未观察到差异（>0.05）。随着饲料中CSM水平的升高，血浆免疫球蛋白M含量和肝脏谷胱甘肽还原酶活性最初升高，然后下降；在C17.2组中发现最高值。这些结果表明，饲料中CSM添加水平高达17.2%可提高亚洲红尾鲶的生长率、饲料成本、消化酶活性和蛋白质代谢，而不会损害其抗氧化能力，而进一步添加CSM会使这些参数降低。CSM是亚洲红尾鲶饲料中一种潜在的具有成本效益的替代植物蛋白来源。
