Purcell Rachael, Giles Michelle L, Crawford Nigel W, Buttery Jim
Emerg Infect Dis. 2025 Jan;31(1):50-56. doi: 10.3201/eid3101.241343. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Human cases of avian influenza A(H5N2) and A(H5N1) viruses associated with outbreaks in birds and mammals are increasing globally, raising concerns about the possibility of a future avian influenza pandemic. We conducted a systematic review examining 30 reported cases of avian influenza in pregnant women. We found high mortality rates for mothers (90.0%, 27/30) and their babies (86.7%, 26/30) when women were infected with avian influenza virus during pregnancy. Despite being a high-risk population and having worse health outcomes across multiple pandemics, pregnant women are often excluded from vaccine trials. However, as the risk for a new pandemic increases and human vaccines against avian influenza are developed, early inclusion of pregnant women in clinical trials can inform the risk-benefit analysis for both the mother and their newborn infant. Early inclusion of pregnant women in public health vaccination programs is vital for protecting this high-risk population.
与禽类和哺乳动物疫情相关的甲型禽流感A(H5N2)和A(H5N1)病毒的人类病例在全球范围内不断增加，引发了对未来禽流感大流行可能性的担忧。我们进行了一项系统综述，研究了30例报告的孕妇禽流感病例。我们发现，当孕妇在孕期感染禽流感病毒时，母亲（90.0%，27/30）及其婴儿（86.7%，26/30）的死亡率很高。尽管孕妇是高危人群，且在多次大流行中健康结局较差，但她们往往被排除在疫苗试验之外。然而，随着新的大流行风险增加以及针对禽流感的人类疫苗的研发，尽早将孕妇纳入临床试验可以为母亲及其新生儿的风险效益分析提供依据。尽早将孕妇纳入公共卫生疫苗接种计划对于保护这一高危人群至关重要。
