Zheng Pan-Pan, Zhao Ya-Nan, Wang Zhi-Kai, Wang Min-Zhen, Li Rong, Zhang Jing, Li Nan, Zhang Zi-Feng, Rong Rui-Juan, Sun Yi-Chan, Liu Zan-Chao
Hebei Key Laboratory of Basic Medicine for Diabetes, Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center of Precision Medicine for Diabetes, Shijiazhuang Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2024 Nov 28;14:1486953. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1486953. eCollection 2024.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have led to changes in the epidemiology of other respiratory pathogens. This study was conducted to explore the epidemiological characteristics of 13 respiratory pathogens, including 11 respiratory viruses and 2 non-classical microorganisms, in hospitalised patients with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) and to compare the prevalence of respiratory pathogens during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
We conducted a single-centre retrospective study involving 8979 patients with ARTIs in Shijiazhuang City from December 2019 to December 2023. The GeXP analysis platform and multiple reverse transcription-PCR (mRT-PCR) technology were used to simultaneously detect 13 respiratory pathogens. The ARIMA model was constructed to predict the pathogen detection rate in each quarter of Shijiazhuang City in the next 2 y.
Among the 8979 patients, 4169 (46.43%) tested positive for respiratory pathogens. The total pathogen detection rate rebounded in the year after the COVID-19 pandemic. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the positive rates in men were slightly higher than those in women and the positive rates in spring and winter were significantly higher than those in summer. The dominant pathogens during the COVID-19 pandemic were Influenza A viru (InfA; 24.08%) and Human Rhinovirus (HRV; 21.77%), and after the COVID-19 pandemic were InfA (27.92%) and H3 (21.17%). During the COVID-19 pandemic, InfA and HRV frequently occurred in all age groups. After the COVID-19 pandemic, InfA and Seasonal Influenza virus H3N2 (H3) frequently occurred in all age groups.
A series of NPIs introduced by the Chinese government during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on acute upper respiratory pathogenic infections. After the withdrawal of the NPIs, the spectrum of respiratory pathogens changed.
新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）大流行及由此产生的非药物干预措施（NPIs）导致了其他呼吸道病原体流行病学的变化。本研究旨在探讨13种呼吸道病原体（包括11种呼吸道病毒和2种非典型微生物）在急性呼吸道感染（ARTIs）住院患者中的流行病学特征，并比较COVID-19大流行期间及之后呼吸道病原体的流行情况。
我们进行了一项单中心回顾性研究，纳入了2019年12月至2023年12月在石家庄市的8979例ARTIs患者。采用GeXP分析平台和多重逆转录聚合酶链反应（mRT-PCR）技术同时检测13种呼吸道病原体。构建自回归积分滑动平均（ARIMA）模型预测石家庄市未来2年各季度的病原体检出率。
在8979例患者中，4169例（46.43%）呼吸道病原体检测呈阳性。COVID-19大流行后的一年中，病原体总检出率有所回升。COVID-19大流行后，男性的阳性率略高于女性，春季和冬季的阳性率显著高于夏季。COVID-19大流行期间的主要病原体是甲型流感病毒（InfA；24.08%）和人鼻病毒（HRV；21.77%），COVID-19大流行后是InfA（27.92%）和H3（21.17%）。COVID-19大流行期间，InfA和HRV在所有年龄组中均频繁出现。COVID-19大流行后，InfA和季节性流感病毒H甲型H3N2（H3）在所有年龄组中均频繁出现。
中国政府在COVID-19大流行期间采取的一系列NPIs对急性上呼吸道病原体感染产生了重大影响。NPIs取消后，呼吸道病原体谱发生了变化。
