New Insights into Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Paired Tumor and Non-Tumor Adjacent Mucosal Tissues in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Increasing scientific evidence supports the idea that gut microbiota dysbiosis accompanies colorectal tumorigenesis, and these changes could be causative. Implementing gut microbiota analysis in clinical practice is limited by sample type, sequencing platform and taxonomic classification. This article aims to address these limitations, providing new insights into the microbiota associated with CRC pathogenesis and implementing its analyses in personalized medicine.

METHODS

To that aim, we evaluate differences in the bacterial composition of 130 paired tumor and non-tumor adjacent tissues from a cohort of CRC patients from the Biobank of the University of Navarra, Spain. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified, sequenced using the MinION platform, and taxonomically classified using the NCBI database.

RESULTS

To our knowledge, this is the first study to report an increased relative abundance of and a decreased relative abundance of associated with CRC. Genera such as , and showed higher relative abundances in tumor than in non-tumor tissues, as previously described in the literature. Specifically, we identified higher levels of , , and in tumor tissues. In contrast, genera such as and showed lower relative abundances in tumor tissues. There were also differences at the taxonomic level between tumor locations.

CONCLUSIONS

These results, consistent with previous studies, further support the hypothesis that and contribute to CRC progression, with and proposed as key CRC pathogenic taxa. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of the CRC-associated microbiota, addressing critical barriers to its implementation in personalized medicine.