Zieniuk Bartłomiej, Małajowicz Jolanta, Jasińska Karina, Wierzchowska Katarzyna, Uğur Şuheda, Fabiszewska Agata
Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Foods. 2024 Nov 24;13(23):3759. doi: 10.3390/foods13233759.
Enzyme immobilization is a crucial method in biotechnology and organic chemistry that significantly improves the stability, reusability, and overall effectiveness of enzymes across various applications. Lipases are one of the most frequently applied enzymes in food. The current study investigated the potential of utilizing selected agri-food and waste materials-buckwheat husks, pea hulls, loofah sponges, and yerba mate waste-as carriers for the immobilization of Sustine 121 lipase and yeast biomass as whole-cell biocatalyst and lipase sources. Various lignocellulosic materials were pretreated through extraction processes, including Soxhlet extraction with hexane and ethanol, as well as alkaline and acid treatments for loofah sponges. The immobilization process involved adsorbing lipases or yeast cells onto the carriers and then evaluating their hydrolytic and synthetic activities. Preparations' activities evaluation revealed that alkaline-pretreated loofah sponge yielded the highest hydrolytic activity (0.022 U/mg), while yerba mate leaves under brewing conditions demonstrated superior synthetic activity (0.51 U/mg). The findings underscore the potential of lignocellulosic materials from the agri-food industry as effective supports for enzyme immobilization, emphasizing the importance of material selection and pretreatment methods in optimizing enzymatic performance through giving an example of circular economy application in food processing and waste management.
酶固定化是生物技术和有机化学中的一种关键方法，可显著提高酶在各种应用中的稳定性、可重复使用性和整体有效性。脂肪酶是食品中最常用的酶之一。本研究调查了利用选定的农业食品和废料——荞麦壳、豌豆壳、丝瓜海绵和马黛茶废料——作为固定化Sustine 121脂肪酶的载体以及利用酵母生物质作为全细胞生物催化剂和脂肪酶来源的潜力。通过提取工艺对各种木质纤维素材料进行预处理，包括用己烷和乙醇进行索氏提取，以及对丝瓜海绵进行碱处理和酸处理。固定化过程包括将脂肪酶或酵母细胞吸附到载体上，然后评估它们的水解和合成活性。制剂活性评估表明，经碱预处理的丝瓜海绵具有最高的水解活性（0.022 U/mg），而冲泡条件下的马黛茶叶表现出优异的合成活性（0.51 U/mg）。研究结果强调了农业食品工业中的木质纤维素材料作为酶固定化有效载体的潜力，通过给出食品加工和废物管理中循环经济应用的例子，强调了材料选择和预处理方法在优化酶性能方面的重要性。
