Pink Isabell, Wiestler Miriam, Pueschel Lea, Ruwisch Jannik, Drick Nora, Boblitz Lennart, Scharbau Michele, Welte Tobias, Haufe Sven, Tegtbur Uwe, Kück Momme, Kerling Arno, Beyer Sebastian
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Nutrients. 2024 Nov 26;16(23):4056. doi: 10.3390/nu16234056.
A significant number of patients experience prolonged symptoms following COVID-19 in particular cases of fatigue. Yet, pathomechanisms of COVID-19-related fatigue remain unclear. This study investigated patients after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (PC) with relevant fatigue according to the Fatigue Assessment Scale (≥22 points) to rule out malnutrition as a driving factor for fatigue and to evaluate daily activity and sleep characteristics. Dietary behavior was recorded through food diaries and physical activity by self-reported (questionnaires) and objective (activity tracker) outcomes. Data were collected over a 7-day period and compared with a healthy control group (HC). A subgroup analysis of patients with fatigue and severe fatigue, as well as a sex-specific analysis, were included. No significant differences in dietary intake were observed, but an indication toward a healthier Mediterranean diet in PC patients with a median Mediterranean Diet Score of 4 (IQR 3, 5) in HC vs. 5 (IQR 3, 6) in PC ( = 0.24). There were also no differences in physical activity, either by objective or subjective measures. However, the median sleep duration was 49 min longer in PC patients ( = 0.003). In conclusion, malnutrition did not significantly contribute to fatigue, yet patients with COVID-19-related fatigue showed increased sleep duration. As sleep characteristics play a crucial role in mental and physical wellbeing, the association of sleep, physical activity, and fatigue should be evaluated in further studies.
相当数量的患者在感染新冠病毒后会出现持续症状，尤其是疲劳症状。然而，新冠病毒相关疲劳的发病机制仍不清楚。本研究调查了确诊感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）后的患者（PC），这些患者根据疲劳评估量表出现相关疲劳（≥22分），以排除营养不良作为疲劳的驱动因素，并评估日常活动和睡眠特征。通过食物日记记录饮食行为，通过自我报告（问卷）和客观（活动追踪器）结果记录身体活动。数据收集期为7天，并与健康对照组（HC）进行比较。纳入了对疲劳和严重疲劳患者的亚组分析以及性别特异性分析。未观察到饮食摄入量有显著差异，但有迹象表明，PC患者的地中海饮食更健康，HC患者的地中海饮食得分中位数为4（四分位间距3，5），而PC患者为5（四分位间距3，6）（P = 0.24）。无论是客观测量还是主观测量，身体活动方面也没有差异。然而，PC患者的中位睡眠时间长49分钟（P = 0.003）。总之，营养不良对疲劳没有显著影响，但新冠病毒相关疲劳患者的睡眠时间增加。由于睡眠特征在身心健康中起着至关重要的作用，睡眠、身体活动和疲劳之间的关联应在进一步研究中进行评估。
