Yang Kenan, Wang Sainan, Du Bin, Zhou Shisheng
School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.
Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Green Intelligent Printing and Packaging, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Nov 23;16(23):3256. doi: 10.3390/polym16233256.
Rapid industrial development has led to increased crude oil extraction and oily wastewater discharge. Achieving oil-water separation and marine oil adsorption in a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly manner remains a global challenge. In this work, natural wood was chemically treated to prepare a degradable and environmentally friendly wood sponge structure. In situ polymerization and spraying methods were used to produce an environmentally friendly oil-water separation sponge with superhydrophobic and superoleophilic properties (FeO@P-P@WS). FeO@P-P@WS had excellent superhydrophobicity (WCA = 154.2°) and self-cleaning properties. Additionally, FeO@P-P@WS could convert solar and electrical energy into thermal energy, reaching a surface temperature of 74 °C under sunlight irradiation with an intensity of 1.0 kW m. When a voltage of 9 V was applied, the surface temperature reached 120.5 °C. Moreover, under the suction of a vacuum pump or the action of gravity, the continuous separation of highly fluid oil substances was achieved. The designed FeO@P-P@WS offers advantages such as easily obtained raw materials, energy efficiency, simple preparation, and the ability to solve secondary pollution issues, providing a new technology for cleaning organic matter in industrial wastewater discharge and for round-the-clock cleaning of high-viscosity crude oil leaked during offshore oil exploitation.
快速的工业发展导致原油开采量增加和含油废水排放增多。以经济高效且环保的方式实现油水分离和海洋油吸附仍然是一项全球性挑战。在这项工作中，对天然木材进行化学处理以制备一种可降解且环保的木材海绵结构。采用原位聚合法和喷涂法制备了具有超疏水和超亲油性能的环保型油水分离海绵（FeO@P-P@WS）。FeO@P-P@WS具有优异的超疏水性（水接触角WCA = 154.2°）和自清洁性能。此外，FeO@P-P@WS能将太阳能和电能转化为热能，在强度为1.0 kW m的太阳光照射下表面温度可达74℃。施加9 V电压时，表面温度可达120.5℃。而且，在真空泵抽吸或重力作用下，可实现高流动性油类物质的连续分离。所设计的FeO@P-P@WS具有原材料易得、能源高效、制备简单以及能够解决二次污染问题等优点，为工业废水排放中有机物的清理以及海上石油开采过程中泄漏的高粘度原油的全天候清理提供了一项新技术。
