比利时初级医疗保健中社区卫生工作者与初级和健康服务提供者合作的促进因素与障碍
Facilitators and Barriers in Collaborations Between Community Health Workers with Primary and Well-Being Providers in Primary Healthcare in Belgium.
作者信息
Apers Hanne, Masquillier Caroline
机构信息
Centre for Population, Family and Health, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
Primary and Interdisciplinary Care Antwerp Research Group (ELIZA), Centre for Research and Innovation in Care (CRIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences & Centre for Population, Family and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
出版信息
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Nov 24;12(23):2348. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12232348.
BACKGROUND
Community health workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in bridging the gap between underserved populations and formal health. Collaborations between CHWs and health and well-being providers in primary healthcare are essential for improving access to and the quality of care for these communities. However, these partnerships require complementary strengths and specific conditions to succeed. This article addresses the limited knowledge on collaborations between CHW and primary health and well-being providers in Belgium's CHW program.
METHODS
This study utilized a descriptive qualitative design. First, team collaboration data were gathered using a spreadsheet. Second, semi-structured interviews were conducted separately with 15 CHWs and 18 of their collaboration partners. The results were thematically analyzed.
RESULTS
CHWs collaborate with healthcare partners, partners with a social or societal focus, and government and educational institutions. The scope of collaborations spans sharing knowledge, connecting with the target group, and offering support to individual clients. Collaborations with healthcare providers tend to focus on individual referrals, with less reciprocity, while collaborations with other partners contribute more to outreach activities and addressing broader social determinants of health. Shared motivations and collaborative work methods facilitate collaboration, while internal organizational processes, lack of role clarity, and discrepancies can hinder successful collaboration.
CONCLUSIONS
Strong local partnerships, well-defined roles, and mutual trust are essential for successful collaboration. The study findings highlight the importance of expanding collaborations to meet the diverse and intersecting needs of target groups. Effective program governance and policy are crucial in providing the flexibility necessary to address specific local requirements.
背景
社区卫生工作者在弥合服务不足人群与正规医疗之间的差距方面发挥着关键作用。社区卫生工作者与初级医疗保健中的健康与福祉提供者之间的合作对于改善这些社区获得医疗服务的机会和医疗服务质量至关重要。然而，这些伙伴关系需要互补的优势和特定条件才能取得成功。本文探讨了对比利时社区卫生工作者项目中社区卫生工作者与初级健康和福祉提供者之间合作的了解有限的问题。
方法
本研究采用描述性定性设计。首先，使用电子表格收集团队合作数据。其次，分别对15名社区卫生工作者及其18名合作伙伴进行了半结构化访谈。对结果进行了主题分析。
结果
社区卫生工作者与医疗保健伙伴、具有社会或社会重点的伙伴以及政府和教育机构合作。合作范围包括分享知识、与目标群体建立联系以及为个体客户提供支持。与医疗保健提供者的合作往往侧重于个体转诊，互惠性较低，而与其他伙伴的合作对推广活动和解决更广泛的健康社会决定因素贡献更大。共同的动机和合作工作方法促进了合作，而内部组织流程、角色不明确和差异可能会阻碍成功合作。
结论
强大的地方伙伴关系、明确的角色和相互信任对于成功合作至关重要。研究结果强调了扩大合作以满足目标群体多样化和交叉需求的重要性。有效的项目治理和政策对于提供满足特定地方要求所需的灵活性至关重要。
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