Piasecka Izabela, Kłos Zbigniew
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, al. Prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Poznań University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Nov 26;17(23):5787. doi: 10.3390/ma17235787.
The interest in alternative energy sources, including the use of solar radiation energy, is growing year by year. Currently, the most frequently installed photovoltaic modules are made of single-crystalline silicon solar cells (sc-Si). However, one of the latest solutions are perovskite solar cells (PSC), which are considered the future of photovoltaics. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to assess the environmental impact of the construction materials of monocrystalline and perovskite photovoltaic power plants toward their sustainable development. The research object was the construction materials and components of two 1 MW photovoltaic power plants: one based on monocrystalline modules and the other on perovskite modules. The life cycle assessment (LCA) method was used for the analyses. The IMPACT World+, IPCC and CED models were used in it. The analyses were performed separately for five sets of elements: support structures, photovoltaic panels, inverter stations, electrical installations and transformers. Two post-consumer management scenarios were adopted: storage and recycling. The life cycle of a photovoltaic power plant based on photovoltaic modules made of perovskite cells is characterized by a smaller negative impact on the environment compared to traditional power plants with monocrystalline silicon modules. Perovskites, as a construction material of photovoltaic modules, fit better into the main assumptions of sustainable development compared to cells made of monocrystalline silicon. However, it is necessary to conduct further work which aims at reducing energy and material consumption in the life cycles of photovoltaic power plants.
对包括太阳能辐射能利用在内的替代能源的兴趣逐年增长。目前，最常安装的光伏组件由单晶硅太阳能电池（sc-Si）制成。然而，最新的解决方案之一是钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC），它被认为是光伏的未来。因此，本研究的主要目的是评估单晶和钙钛矿光伏电站建筑材料对其可持续发展的环境影响。研究对象是两个1兆瓦光伏电站的建筑材料和组件：一个基于单晶组件，另一个基于钙钛矿组件。采用生命周期评估（LCA）方法进行分析。其中使用了IMPACT World+、IPCC和CED模型。对五组元素分别进行分析：支撑结构、光伏板、逆变器站、电气装置和变压器。采用了两种消费后管理方案：储存和回收。与传统的单晶硅模块电站相比，基于钙钛矿电池制成的光伏组件的光伏电站生命周期对环境的负面影响较小。与单晶硅制成的电池相比，钙钛矿作为光伏组件的建筑材料更符合可持续发展的主要假设。然而，有必要开展进一步工作，旨在减少光伏电站生命周期中的能源和材料消耗。
