Hu Wenfeng, Feng Xiaotong, Wen Chaoqun
Department of Orthopedics, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China.
Emergency Department, Zhuhai Third People's Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Dec 13;103(50):e40768. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040768.
The relationship between dietary nutrient intake and bone mineral density (BMD) has not been clarified. In the U.S. population, we have demonstrated that dietary intake of multiple nutrients (potassium, magnesium, and sodium) is positively associated with BMD and negatively associated with the prevalence of osteopenia. This study examined whether there is an association between dietary potassium, magnesium, and sodium intake and BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2005 to 2010, 2013 to 2014, and 2017 to 2018. We assessed the association of dietary potassium, magnesium, and sodium intake with BMD in 10,355 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants during 2005 to 2010, 2013 to 2014, and 2017 to 2018. BMD of the whole femur was estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We utilized multiple linear regression models to examine the associations of dietary potassium, magnesium, and sodium intake with femoral BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, after adjusting for various confounders. Dietary potassium, magnesium, and sodium intake are positively correlated with femur BMD when corrected for the confounders of age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking behavior, education level, body mass index, poverty income ratio, serum uric acid, serum cholesterol, potential renal acid load, dietary calcium intake, dietary protein intake, and dietary vitamin D intake. Dietary intake of potassium, magnesium, and sodium was adversely correlated with the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis. Our study showed that intake of dietary nutrients (potassium, magnesium, and sodium) was correlated positively to femur BMD and adversely to osteopenia and osteoporosis in the U.S. population. Further research is needed on the association of dietary elemental intake with BMD.
饮食营养摄入与骨矿物质密度（BMD）之间的关系尚未明确。在美国人群中，我们已经证明多种营养素（钾、镁和钠）的饮食摄入量与骨矿物质密度呈正相关，与骨质减少的患病率呈负相关。本研究利用2005年至2010年、2013年至2014年以及2017年至2018年的国家健康和营养检查调查数据，研究饮食中钾、镁和钠的摄入量与骨矿物质密度、骨质减少和骨质疏松症之间是否存在关联。我们评估了2005年至2010年、2013年至2014年以及2017年至2018年期间10355名国家健康和营养检查调查参与者的饮食中钾、镁和钠摄入量与骨矿物质密度的关联。全股骨的骨矿物质密度通过双能X线吸收法估算。在调整了各种混杂因素后，我们使用多元线性回归模型来研究饮食中钾、镁和钠摄入量与股骨骨矿物质密度、骨质减少和骨质疏松症之间的关联。在校正年龄、性别、种族/民族、吸烟行为、教育水平、体重指数、贫困收入比、血清尿酸、血清胆固醇、潜在肾酸负荷、饮食钙摄入量、饮食蛋白质摄入量和饮食维生素D摄入量等混杂因素后，饮食中钾、镁和钠的摄入量与股骨骨矿物质密度呈正相关。饮食中钾、镁和钠的摄入量与骨质减少和骨质疏松症的发生呈负相关。我们的研究表明，在美国人群中，饮食营养素（钾、镁和钠）的摄入量与股骨骨矿物质密度呈正相关，与骨质减少和骨质疏松症呈负相关。需要进一步研究饮食元素摄入量与骨矿物质密度之间的关联。
