重度/极重度智力（及多重）残疾者的痴呆症及其自然史
Dementia in People with Severe/Profound Intellectual (And Multiple) Disabilities, and Its Natural History.
作者信息
Wissing Maureen B G, Hobbelen Johannes S M, De Deyn Peter P, Waninge Aly, Dekker Alain D
机构信息
Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Research Group Healthy Ageing, Allied Health Care and Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Ment Health Res Intellect Disabil. 2023 Jul 27;17(1):1-28. doi: 10.1080/19315864.2023.2240734. eCollection 2024.
INTRODUCTION
Although the prevalence of dementia increases among people with severe/profound intellectual (and multiple) disabilities (SPI(M)D), dementia in people with SPI(M)D is not yet fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the natural history of dementia in people with SPI(M)D, in particular, the prevalence and time of onset of dementia symptoms.
METHODS
An explorative retrospective review of clinical records was conducted for people with SPI(M)D without dementia ( = 103), with questionable dementia ( = 19), and with diagnosed dementia ( = 19). Presence and time of onset of symptoms were extracted and compared between groups.
RESULTS
People with questionable dementia or diagnosed dementia had compared to people without dementia more symptoms regarding the cognitive, activities of daily living, behavioral/psychological, and motor domains. The most prevalent early symptoms were memory loss, declined walking skills, increased anxious, apathetic, and irritable behavior. Predictors for dementia were the number of cognitive, behavioral/psychological, and motor symptoms.
CONCLUSION
These results contribute to enhance our understanding of dementia in people with SPI(M)D, which is essential for earlier recognizing and diagnosing dementia.
引言
尽管在重度/极重度智力（及多重）残疾（SPI(M)D）人群中痴呆症的患病率有所上升，但SPI(M)D人群中的痴呆症尚未得到充分了解。因此，本研究旨在描述SPI(M)D人群中痴呆症的自然史，特别是痴呆症状的患病率和发病时间。
方法
对无痴呆症的SPI(M)D患者（n = 103）、有可疑痴呆症的患者（n = 19）和已确诊痴呆症的患者（n = 19）的临床记录进行探索性回顾。提取症状的出现情况和发病时间，并在组间进行比较。
结果
与无痴呆症的患者相比，有可疑痴呆症或已确诊痴呆症的患者在认知、日常生活活动、行为/心理和运动领域有更多症状。最常见的早期症状是记忆力减退、行走能力下降、焦虑、冷漠和易怒行为增加。痴呆症的预测因素是认知、行为/心理和运动症状的数量。
结论
这些结果有助于增进我们对SPI(M)D人群中痴呆症的理解，这对于早期识别和诊断痴呆症至关重要。
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