Feng Tian, Zhang Fuchun, Liang Manqi, Liu Jinzhao, Wei Youxin
School of Physical Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China.
Department of Sports, Henan Sport University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 13;10(23):e39340. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39340. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
The present study investigated the spatial ability of adolescent athletes with different sport expertise of axial rotation, providing the cognitive characteristics from both behavior and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) tests. 16 basketball and soccer players, 15 freestyle athletes and 15 runners were selected for spatial ability testing with a three-factor mixed experimental design of 3 (sport type: open high-spatial sport, closed high-spatial sport, closed low-spatial sport) × 2 (rotation angle: 45°, 90°) × 3 (rotation axis: horizontal, vertical, longitudinal). Repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to evaluate the behavioral and fNIRS data of the mental rotation test. The behavioral data showed that the closed high-spatial (CH) group showed better performance than the open high-spatial (OH) and closed low-spatial (CL) group for large angle for every rotation axes. The fNIRS results showed the CH group had greater brain activation than the OH and CL group in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, left angular gyrus, left precuneus and middle occipital gyrus. The findings provide additional empirical support for relating body rotation experience to spatial cognition performance.
本研究调查了具有不同轴向旋转运动专长的青少年运动员的空间能力，通过行为测试和功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）测试提供认知特征。选取了16名篮球和足球运动员、15名自由泳运动员和15名跑步运动员进行空间能力测试，采用3（运动类型：开放性高空间运动、封闭性高空间运动、封闭性低空间运动）×2（旋转角度：45°、90°）×3（旋转轴：水平、垂直、纵向）的三因素混合实验设计。对心理旋转测试的行为数据和fNIRS数据进行重复测量方差分析。行为数据表明，对于每个旋转轴的大角度，封闭性高空间（CH）组的表现优于开放性高空间（OH）组和封闭性低空间（CL）组。fNIRS结果显示，CH组在左侧背外侧额上回、中央前回、中央后回、顶上叶、左侧角回、左侧楔前叶和枕中回的大脑激活程度高于OH组和CL组。这些发现为将身体旋转经验与空间认知表现联系起来提供了额外的实证支持。
