Hamid Tahira, Malik Azhar, Kumar Ajay, Hamid Saima, Anjum Shamim
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Jammu, J and K, Indira Gandhi Government Dental College Jammu, India.
Eur Endod J. 2024 Dec;9(4):425-431. doi: 10.14744/eej.2024.78300.
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat-treated nickel titanium (NiTi) files TruNatomy and XP- Endo Shaper on the major apical foramen deformation and enlargement in curved root canals using area, circularity, and Feret's diameter ratio.
Sixty mesio-buccal roots of maxillary and mandibular molars with Vertucci type II root canal were selected. The teeth were decoronated using a carborundum disc. The roots with a length of 13 mm were measured using a digital caliper. The preoperative scanning electron microscope images of apical roots were taken and then divided into 4 groups. Manual (K file, Mani Tochigi, Japan), ProTaper Universal (PTU, Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), XP-Endo Shaper (XPS;FKG Dentaire SA, La Chaux-de-134 Fonds, Switzerland), and TruNatomy (TRN;Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) group. After instrumentation, the post-operative scanning electron microscope images were taken. Surface area, circularity, and Feret's diameter ratio was calculated before and after instrumentation using Image J software. For intergroup comparison of data, student's independent t-test was employed and for intra-group comparison of data, paired t-test was applied.
The area after instrumentation increased in all groups but the K file and PTU show statistically significant differences compared to TRN and XPS (p<0.001). The circularity tends towards 0 in K file and PTU and canals became ellipticals after instrumentation. However, TRN and XPS showed no difference. There is no significant difference in the Feret's diameter ratio before and after instrumentation.
The enlargement of the major apical foramen occurs regardless of the type of file system used. The hand K files and PTU result in significant foramen deformation when instrumented up to the major apical foramen. However, TRN and XPS promote minor alterations at the foramen which are not statistically significant. (EEJ-2024-01-20).
本研究旨在使用面积、圆度和费雷特直径比，评估热处理镍钛（NiTi）锉TruNatomy和XP- Endo Shaper对弯曲根管中主要根尖孔变形和扩大的影响。
选择60颗具有Vertucci II型根管的上颌和下颌磨牙的近中颊根。使用碳化硅盘去除牙冠。用数字卡尺测量长度为13mm的牙根。拍摄根尖术前扫描电子显微镜图像，然后分为4组。手动（K锉，日本马尼枥木）、ProTaper Universal（PTU，登士柏迈福，瑞士巴莱格）、XP-Endo Shaper（XPS；FKG牙科公司，瑞士拉绍德封134基金）和TruNatomy（TRN；登士柏西诺德，瑞士巴莱格）组。器械操作后，拍摄术后扫描电子显微镜图像。使用Image J软件计算器械操作前后的表面积、圆度和费雷特直径比。对于组间数据比较，采用学生独立t检验，对于组内数据比较，采用配对t检验。
所有组器械操作后的面积均增加，但与TRN和XPS相比，K锉和PTU组差异有统计学意义（p<0.001）。K锉和PTU组的圆度趋于0，器械操作后根管变为椭圆形。然而，TRN和XPS组无差异。器械操作前后费雷特直径比无显著差异。
无论使用何种锉系统，主要根尖孔都会扩大。手动K锉和PTU在操作至主要根尖孔时会导致显著的根尖孔变形。然而，TRN和XPS在根尖孔处引起的微小改变无统计学意义。（EEJ-2024-01-20）
