Zhao Likun, Zhang Shanfeng, Li Jingchen, Zhang Chao, Xiao Ruoyi, Bai Xinyuan, Xu Hongkang, Zhang Feng
The Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China.
Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei, China.
Microb Ecol. 2024 Dec 21;87(1):156. doi: 10.1007/s00248-024-02476-y.
Spiders are natural predators of agricultural pests, primarily due to the potent venom in their venom glands. Spider venom is compositionally complex and holds research value. This study analyzes the diversity of symbiotic bacteria in spider venom glands and venom, as well as the biological activity of culturable symbiotic bacteria. Focusing on the venom glands and venom of Heteropoda venatoria and Chilobrachys guangxiensis, we identified a diverse array of microorganisms. High-throughput sequencing detected 2151 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), spanning 31 phyla, 75 classes, and 617 genera. A total of 125 strains of cultivable bacteria were isolated. Using the Oxford cup method, crude extracts from 46 of these strains exhibited inhibitory effects against at least one indicator bacterium. MTT (Thiazolyl blue) assays revealed that the crude extracts from 43 strains had inhibitory effects on tumor cell line MGC-803 growth. Additionally, DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2'-phenylindole) staining and flow cytometry were employed to detect cell apoptosis. The anti-inflammatory activity of nine bacterial strains was assessed using a NO assay kit and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This study further investigated the biological activity of venom, exploring the relationship between the venom and the functional activity of venom-associated bacteria.
蜘蛛是农业害虫的天然捕食者，主要是由于其毒腺中含有强效毒液。蜘蛛毒液成分复杂，具有研究价值。本研究分析了蜘蛛毒腺和毒液中共生细菌的多样性，以及可培养共生细菌的生物活性。以猎蛛和广西 Chilobrachys 蜘蛛的毒腺和毒液为研究对象，我们鉴定出了种类繁多的微生物。高通量测序检测到 2151 个扩增子序列变体（ASV），涵盖 31 个门、75 个纲和 617 个属。共分离出 125 株可培养细菌。采用牛津杯法，其中 46 株菌株的粗提物对至少一种指示菌具有抑制作用。MTT（噻唑蓝）法检测显示，43 株菌株的粗提物对肿瘤细胞系 MGC-803 的生长具有抑制作用。此外，采用 DAPI（4',6-二脒基-2'-苯基吲哚）染色和流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。使用 NO 检测试剂盒和酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）评估了 9 株细菌的抗炎活性。本研究进一步探讨了毒液的生物活性，探究了毒液与毒液相关细菌功能活性之间的关系。
