Luminescence Properties of Samarium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Assessment on SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.

Samarium-doped nanohydroxyapatite is a biomaterial with nerve regeneration activity and bioimaging. In this work, Sm/HAp; (Ca Sm (PO)(OH)) (0 ≤ ≤ 1) was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and thermally treated from 200 to 800 °C. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence spectroscopy. The results confirmed the successful integration of Sm ions into the hydroxyapatite. Our findings revealed the influence of the Sm content and thermal treatment on the emission properties, obtaining a maximum emission at Sm = 0.05 thermally treated at 800 °C. The SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell viability study revealed a Sm concentration-and particle size-dependent response. This research emphasizes the optical and cell viability of Sm/HAp in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, making them suitable for further research as agents that activate regenerative processes in cells and neurons.