Wang Dao, Liu Yang, Lang Justin J, Klug Marilyn G, McGrath Ryan, Tomkinson Grant R
Physical Fitness Research and Health Guidance Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science (Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency), Shanghai, China.
School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Sports Med Open. 2024 Dec 23;10(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s40798-024-00800-x.
Handgrip strength (HGS) is an excellent marker of general strength capacity and health among adults. We aimed to calculate temporal trends in HGS for adults from Shanghai between 2000 and 2020.
Adults aged 20-59 years from Shanghai, China, were included. Representative cross-sectional HGS data (n = 127,756) were collected in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2020. HGS was measured using isometric dynamometry and was adjusted for body size (i.e., height-squared). Trends in mean adjusted HGS were calculated using general linear models with adjustments for age, sex, location, occupation, blood pressure, and exercise time. Trends in distributional characteristics were described visually and calculated as the ratio of coefficients of variation (CVs).
We found a significant, small decline in mean adjusted HGS (effect size (ES) [95%CI]: -0.21 [-0.22, -0.20]) since the year 2000. Negligible temporal differences were found across age, location, and occupation groups, with a 2.8-fold greater decline for men than for women. Overall, distributional variability declined negligibly (ratio of CVs [95% CI]: 0.92 [0.91, 0.93]). We also observed a negligible trend (ES < 0.20) in distributional asymmetry among adults with low adjusted HGS (below the 25th percentile) and a small decline (ES = 0.20-0.49) in adults with high adjusted HGS (above the 75th percentile).
There was a recent small decline in adjusted HGS for adults from Shanghai, which was greater for men than for women and nonuniform across the population. A decline in adjusted HGS may represent a decline in the general/functional health of the population.
握力（HGS）是成年人总体力量和健康状况的一个极佳指标。我们旨在计算2000年至2020年间上海成年人握力的时间趋势。
纳入来自中国上海的20至59岁成年人。在2000年、2005年、2010年、2014年和2020年收集了代表性横断面握力数据（n = 127756）。使用等长测力法测量握力，并根据身体大小（即身高的平方）进行调整。使用一般线性模型计算调整后的平均握力趋势，并对年龄、性别、地点、职业、血压和运动时间进行调整。通过直观描述分布特征趋势，并计算变异系数（CV）的比值。
我们发现自2000年以来，调整后的平均握力有显著的小幅下降（效应量（ES）[95%置信区间]：-0.21[-0.22，-0.20]）。在年龄、地点和职业组中发现的时间差异可忽略不计，男性的下降幅度比女性大2.8倍。总体而言，分布变异性下降可忽略不计（CV比值[95%置信区间]：0.92[0.91，0.93]）。我们还观察到，调整后握力较低（低于第25百分位数）的成年人分布不对称趋势可忽略不计（ES<0.20），而调整后握力较高（高于第75百分位数）的成年人分布不对称有小幅下降（ES = 0.20 - 0.49）。
上海成年人调整后的握力近期有小幅下降，男性下降幅度大于女性，且在人群中分布不均。调整后握力的下降可能代表人群总体/功能健康状况的下降。
