Sessler C N, Glauser F L, Cooper K R
Chest. 1985 Mar;87(3):325-9. doi: 10.1378/chest.87.3.325.
We treated 14 patients who had an initial serum theophylline concentration greater than 30 micrograms/ml (48.3 +/- 19.4 micrograms/ml) and symptoms of theophylline toxicity with oral activated charcoal (OAC). Thirty-gram doses of OAC were administered approximately every two hours for two to four doses. Ten patients tolerated OAC and demonstrated a reduction in theophylline half-life to 5.6 +/- 2.5 hours with resolution of symptoms. Three of these ten patients were treated in the emergency department and discharged, making hospitalization unnecessary. The four patients with the highest initial theophylline concentrations (76.6 +/- 17.7 micrograms/ml) vomited all doses of OAC. Three of these four patients were treated with charcoal hemoperfusion with a reduction in the half-life to 5.2 +/- 1.0 hours. These data support the use of OAC as the primary therapeutic modality in the management of patients with theophylline toxicity. Patients with very high theophylline concentrations (greater than 50 micrograms/ml), however, usually vomit the OAC and may require charcoal hemoperfusion.
我们对14例初始血清茶碱浓度大于30微克/毫升（48.3±19.4微克/毫升）且有茶碱中毒症状的患者给予口服活性炭（OAC）治疗。约每两小时给予30克剂量的OAC，共给予两至四剂。10例患者耐受OAC，茶碱半衰期降至5.6±2.5小时，症状缓解。这10例患者中有3例在急诊科接受治疗后出院，无需住院。初始茶碱浓度最高的4例患者（76.6±17.7微克/毫升）呕吐了所有剂量的OAC。这4例患者中有3例接受了血液灌流联合活性炭治疗，半衰期降至5.2±1.0小时。这些数据支持将OAC作为治疗茶碱中毒患者的主要治疗方式。然而，茶碱浓度非常高（大于50微克/毫升）的患者通常会呕吐OAC，可能需要血液灌流联合活性炭治疗。
