Gebeyehu Surra, Robi Dereje Tulu
Wollega University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Tepi Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 34, Tepi, Ethiopia.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2024 Dec 4;27:e00396. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00396. eCollection 2024 Nov.
The trypanosomosis remains unresolved due to its impact on various hosts, leading to production losses in Ethiopia. In the Southwest of Oromia, multiple livestock species share grazing land in tsetse-infested areas. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2020 to December 2021 to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of trypanosomosis in bovines, small ruminants, and equines, as well as the distribution of the vector in the Dabo Hana district of Southwest Oromia, Ethiopia. A vector survey was carried out using 60 monoconical traps placed at intervals ranging from about 100 to 200 m. Out of the 1441 flies captured, 86.2 % were , 7.84 % were , and 5.96 % were . The overall apparent density of flies was 12 flies per trap per day. Among the 1242 caught species, 85 % were identified as and 15 % as . The average age of male tsetse flies was 28 days, and the overall infection rate of trypanosomes in tsetse flies was 4.8 %. A total of 701 blood samples (190 from bovines, 384 from small ruminants, and 127 from equines) were analyzed using buffy coat and Giemsa techniques. The prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be 10 % in bovines, 4.2 % in small ruminants, and 3.1 % in equines. A significant difference ( < 0.05) in trypanosome infection was observed among the three host species, as well as with respect to the age and body condition of the animals. The predominant cause of infection was , accounting for 74.4 % of cases. The mean packed cell volume (PCV) values of infected bovines, small ruminants, and equines were significantly lower ( < 0.05) compared to those of non-infected animals. Trypanosomosis is a major livestock disease in the study area. The findings provide valuable insights into the prevalence and infection rates of trypanosomosis, identify the affected species, and highlight significant risk factors, such as age, body condition, and vector distribution. Implementing sustainable and integrated practices for trypanosomosis control is crucial, and conducting molecular techniques in different seasons is also recommended.
由于锥虫病对各种宿主产生影响，导致埃塞俄比亚的生产损失，该病仍然没有得到解决。在奥罗米亚西南部，多种家畜在采采蝇滋生地区共享放牧地。因此，于2020年12月至2021年12月开展了一项横断面研究，以确定牛、小反刍动物和马属动物中锥虫病的流行情况及相关风险因素，以及埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚西南部达博哈纳区病媒的分布情况。使用60个单锥形诱捕器进行病媒调查，诱捕器间隔约100至200米放置。在捕获的1441只苍蝇中，86.2%是[某种苍蝇名称未给出]，7.84%是[某种苍蝇名称未给出]，5.96%是[某种苍蝇名称未给出]。苍蝇的总体表观密度为每天每个诱捕器12只苍蝇。在捕获的1242只[某种苍蝇名称未给出]中，85%被鉴定为[某种苍蝇名称未给出]，15%被鉴定为[某种苍蝇名称未给出]。雄性采采蝇的平均年龄为28天，采采蝇中锥虫的总体感染率为4.8%。共采集了701份血样（190份来自牛，384份来自小反刍动物，127份来自马属动物），采用血沉棕黄层和吉姆萨技术进行分析。发现牛的锥虫病患病率为10%，小反刍动物为4.2%，马属动物为3.1%。在三种宿主物种之间以及动物的年龄和身体状况方面，观察到锥虫感染存在显著差异（P<0.05）。感染的主要原因是[某种原因未给出]，占病例的74.4%。与未感染动物相比，感染牛、小反刍动物和马属动物的平均红细胞压积（PCV）值显著更低（P<0.05）。锥虫病是研究地区的一种主要家畜疾病。这些发现为锥虫病的流行情况和感染率提供了有价值的见解，确定了受影响的物种，并突出了年龄、身体状况和病媒分布等重要风险因素。实施可持续和综合的锥虫病控制措施至关重要，还建议在不同季节进行分子技术研究。
