Faur Cosmin I, Herman Adrian, Leahu Ionut, Megiesan Sergiu, Caluian Ionut
Regina Maria Dental Department, Regina Maria Private Healthcare Network, Bucharest, ROU.
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, ROU.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 22;16(12):e76228. doi: 10.7759/cureus.76228. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Bone remodeling around implants in implant-supported rehabilitation is a continuous debate with no consensus in the literature. This study aimed to investigate the implant- and patient-specific factors contributing to marginal bone loss near the implant.
We included patients who had implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitation using one implant system, between 2014 and 2018, who had full follow-up documentation and orthopantomography over five years, and who had no unwell-controlled systemic pathologies that may influence bone metabolism.
Eighty-one patients who received 500 implants met the inclusion criteria. We observed approximately 1 mm of bone resorption at the five-year follow-up, with the first 0.78 mm of them being documented at the three-year follow-up. Adults younger than 60 years old had an increase in bone resorption by approximately 30%. No difference was seen between men and women. However, a slight increase in bone resorption at five years was seen in female patients older than 50 years old than in ones younger than 50 years (by 30%). The narrowest diameter (3.5 mm; p = 0.001) and anterior mandible (p = 0.008) had the highest bone resorptions. Contrarily, with an insertion depth of approximately 1 mm (p = 0.004), the splinted implant prosthesis (p = 0.21) and zirconia material of the prosthesis (p = 0.57) had the lowest bone remodeling. Moreover, patients younger than 60 years and female patients above 50 years had an increased bone resorption.
Bone remodeling is a multifactorial process. The treatment planning has to take into consideration both implant- and patient-specific factors.
在种植体支持的修复治疗中，种植体周围的骨重塑一直是一个持续争论的话题，文献中尚未达成共识。本研究旨在调查导致种植体周围边缘骨丢失的种植体及患者特异性因素。
我们纳入了2014年至2018年间使用单一种植系统进行种植体支持修复治疗的患者，这些患者有完整的五年随访记录和曲面断层片，且没有可能影响骨代谢的未得到良好控制的全身性疾病。
81例接受了500颗种植体的患者符合纳入标准。在五年随访时，我们观察到约1mm的骨吸收，其中0.78mm在三年随访时记录到。60岁以下的成年人骨吸收增加约30%。男性和女性之间未见差异。然而，50岁以上女性患者在五年时的骨吸收比50岁以下女性患者略有增加（30%）。直径最窄（3.5mm；p = 0.001）以及下颌前部（p = 0.008）的骨吸收最高。相反，种植体植入深度约为1mm（p = 0.004）、联冠式种植修复体（p = 0.21）以及修复体的氧化锆材料（p = 0.57）的骨重塑最低。此外，60岁以下患者和50岁以上女性患者的骨吸收增加。
骨重塑是一个多因素过程。治疗计划必须同时考虑种植体及患者特异性因素。
