Mello E-L, Pena N-G, Souza V-A, Silva C-M, Ribeiro L-N, Albuquerque R-F, Meleti M, Vescovi P, Leão J-C, Silva I-H
Department of Dentistry Hospital do Cancer de Pernambuco Av. Cruz Cabugá, 1597, Recife PE, 50040-000, Brasil
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2025 Jan 1;30(1):e17-e23. doi: 10.4317/medoral.26652.
Oral manifestations are frequent in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy and may be directly or indirectly related to drug toxicity. Few studies have assessed the chemotherapy and oral manifestations that patients might develop. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of oral manifestations in patients with hematologic neoplasms during hospitalization and chemotherapy.
A Prospective Cohort Study, in which adult patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies undergoing chemotherapy were followed up daily to observe the possible development of oral manifestations. Sociodemographic and oncological data as well as oral manifestations when presented were collected. All the patients underwent photobiomodulation to prevent mucositis. STATA/SE 12.0, and Excel 365 software were used to assess the collected data. Fisher's exact test was used to assess categorical variables.
95 patients were included in this study. Sixty four (67,4%) of the patients were male, 31 female (32,6%) and the mean age was 44 years of age (SD 15,1) ranging from 19 to 79. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the most common neoplasm. Cytarabine was the most commonly administered drug used in 72 patients (75,8%). Fungal infections were the most frequent oral manifestations. There was no correlation between the histological diagnosis and the risk of developing oral mucositis.
Oral manifestations are frequent in patients with hematological malignancies who are undergoing chemotherapy. Since there is a tendency for increasing cases of hematologic neoplasms annually, it is of paramount importance to know the treatments offered to these patients and the related side effects in order to prevent them and consequently decrease morbimortality.
血液系统恶性肿瘤患者在化疗期间口腔表现较为常见，可能直接或间接与药物毒性有关。很少有研究评估患者可能出现的化疗及口腔表现。因此，本研究旨在评估血液系统肿瘤患者在住院及化疗期间口腔表现的发生率。
一项前瞻性队列研究，对诊断为血液系统恶性肿瘤并接受化疗的成年患者进行每日随访，观察口腔表现的可能发生情况。收集社会人口学和肿瘤学数据以及出现的口腔表现。所有患者均接受光生物调节以预防粘膜炎。使用STATA/SE 12.0和Excel 365软件评估收集的数据。采用Fisher精确检验评估分类变量。
本研究纳入95例患者。其中64例（67.4%）为男性，31例（32.6%）为女性，平均年龄44岁（标准差15.1），年龄范围为19至79岁。非霍奇金淋巴瘤是最常见的肿瘤。阿糖胞苷是72例患者（75.8%）中最常用的药物。真菌感染是最常见的口腔表现。组织学诊断与发生口腔粘膜炎的风险之间无相关性。
接受化疗的血液系统恶性肿瘤患者口腔表现较为常见。由于血液系统肿瘤病例每年有增加趋势，了解这些患者所接受的治疗及其相关副作用对于预防并因此降低病死率至关重要。
