Mishra Prabhaker, Singh Ratender K, Nath Alok, Sanjeev Om Prakash, Hashim Zia, Dhiman Radha K, Pande Shantanu, Ghatak Tanmoy, Rastogi Amit, Gupta Devendra
Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, IND.
Emergency Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 25;16(11):e74456. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74456. eCollection 2024 Nov.
In December 2019, COVID-19 emerged in China and spread rapidly throughout the world, including India. So far, India has witnessed three spells of the disease, termed the first, second, and third waves; although the first two waves were significant in terms of severity, mortality, and need for respiratory support, the third wave had no significant impact and most people recovered without being admitted to the hospital. The present study aimed to discuss the clinical demographic characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of COVID-19 patients and their comparisons between the first and second waves.
This was a retrospective, single-center study, comprising data collected regarding demographic, epidemiological, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care facility in north India. Patient death or requirement of respiratory support was considered as patient outcomes.
Of 3563 COVID-19 patients, 2459 comprised the first wave and 1104, the second wave. There was a significantly higher age, increased proportion of female gender, clinical symptoms, ventilator, and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) support, as well as patients' mortality in the second wave, whereas the distribution of the comorbidities was statistically equal between the first and second waves.
The second wave of COVID-19 was more devastating in terms of the severity of the disease, the need for respiratory support, and mortality in the patients. Poor outcomes were associated with the presence of any one comorbidity and the absence of vaccination in the patients.
2019年12月，新冠病毒在中国出现并迅速蔓延至全球，包括印度。截至目前，印度经历了三轮疫情，分别称为第一波、第二波和第三波；尽管前两波在严重程度、死亡率和呼吸支持需求方面影响显著，但第三波没有产生重大影响，大多数人未经住院治疗便康复了。本研究旨在探讨新冠病毒感染患者的临床人口统计学特征、住院结局以及第一波和第二波之间的比较。
这是一项回顾性单中心研究，收集了印度北部一家三级医疗机构收治的新冠病毒感染患者的人口统计学、流行病学和结局数据。患者死亡或需要呼吸支持被视为患者结局。
在3563例新冠病毒感染患者中，第一波有2459例，第二波有1104例。第二波患者的年龄显著更高，女性比例增加，临床症状、呼吸机和无创通气（NIV）支持以及患者死亡率均更高，而第一波和第二波合并症的分布在统计学上是相等的。
就疾病严重程度、呼吸支持需求和患者死亡率而言，新冠病毒第二波疫情的破坏性更大。不良结局与患者存在任何一种合并症以及未接种疫苗有关。
