Scaini Simona, Grazioli Silvia, Giani Ludovica, Forresi Barbara, De Francesco Stefano, Caputi Marcella
Sigmund Freud University of Milan, Via Ripa di Porta Ticinese 77, 20143 Milan, Italy.
Child and Adolescent Unit, Italian Psychotherapy Clinics, Corso San Gottardo 5, 20143 Milan, Italy.
Pediatr Rep. 2024 Dec 10;16(4):1134-1148. doi: 10.3390/pediatric16040096.
There is evidence that the tendency to adopt a peculiar pattern of causal inference, known as attributional style, is likely related to specific patterns of psychopathology among youth.
This study aims to assess preliminary psychometric properties of the Italian Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire-Revised (CASQ-R) and to explore the presence of any subgroups of children and early adolescents from the general population who might exhibit internally homogeneous and externally heterogeneous attributional styles through latent class analysis, delving into the potential sociodemographic, namely age and gender, and clinical differences among the identified classes of attributional styles.
A sample of 337 children (11.29 ± 1.76 years old, 169 females, and 168 males) was recruited and their attributional styles and depressive and anxious symptoms were analyzed.
Two distinct classes were defined using the CASQ-R items in a latent class analysis (LCA). In particular, high levels of depressive (Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared = 9.37, df = 1, Bonferroni-adjusted = 0.002) and school phobia (Kruskal-Wallis chi-squared = 7.17 df = 1, Bonferroni-adjusted = 0.037) symptoms were reported by children showing an internal, global and stable attributional style for negative events and an external, specific and unstable attributional style for positive events. Conversely, low levels of depressive and school phobia symptoms were reported by children showing the opposite attributional style.
The identified classes shed light on distinct patterns associated with depressive and anxious symptoms, offering potential insights for targeted interventions.
有证据表明，采用一种特殊因果推理模式（即归因风格）的倾向可能与青少年特定的心理病理学模式有关。
本研究旨在评估意大利儿童归因风格问卷修订版（CASQ-R）的初步心理测量特性，并通过潜在类别分析探索普通人群中是否存在任何儿童和青少年亚组，这些亚组可能表现出内部同质但外部异质的归因风格，深入研究潜在的社会人口学因素，即年龄和性别，以及所识别的归因风格类别之间的临床差异。
招募了337名儿童（年龄11.29±1.76岁，女性169名，男性168名），并分析了他们的归因风格以及抑郁和焦虑症状。
在潜在类别分析（LCA）中使用CASQ-R项目定义了两个不同的类别。具体而言，对于负面事件表现出内部、全局和稳定归因风格且对于正面事件表现出外部、特定和不稳定归因风格的儿童报告了较高水平的抑郁（Kruskal-Wallis卡方 = 9.37，自由度 = 1，Bonferroni校正 = 0.002）和学校恐惧症（Kruskal-Wallis卡方 = 7.17，自由度 = 1，Bonferroni校正 = 0.037）症状。相反，表现出相反归因风格的儿童报告的抑郁和学校恐惧症症状水平较低。
所识别的类别揭示了与抑郁和焦虑症状相关的不同模式，为有针对性的干预提供了潜在的见解。
