Jiang Ying, Zhang DaiXi, Zhang Shirong, Li Ting, Wang Guiyin, Xu Xiaoxun, Pu Yulin, Nengzi Lichao
College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, China.
School of Environment and Resource, Xichang University, Xichang, 615000, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Dec 27;24(1):539. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03708-4.
The extensive mining of bastnasite (CeFCO) has caused pollution of lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), and fuorine (F) in the surrounding farmland soil, severely threatening the safety of the soil ecosystem. However, the interaction effects of various chemical fractions of La, Ce, and F on the composition of microbial communities are unclear. In our study, high-throughput sequencing was performed based on the pot experiments of four types of combined pollution soils, i.e., La + Ce (LC), Ce + F (CF), La + F (LF), and La + Ce + F (LCF), and the pollution concentration ranges of these three elements of 20-240, 40-450, and 150-900 mg kg, respectively. The improved Tessier method was used to investigate the interaction effects of chemical fractions of these elements on the variations in the soil microbial compositions. The result showed the residual form of La (La_RES) displayed restraint on Abditibacteriota, leading to its undetected level in the highest concentration of LC-polluted soils, whereas promoted relative abundance of microbes (Planctomycetota, Elusimicrobiota, Gemmatimonadota, and Rozellomycota) by more than 80%; the exchangeable and organic-bound forms of Ce and F as well as the iron-manganese-bound and residual forms of F were identified as the stress factors for the sensitive bacteria (e.g., WS4, Elusimicrobiota, RCP2-54, and Monoblepharomycota) in CF-polluted soils; in LF-polluted soils, the water-soluble form of La showed the most toxic effect on RCP2-54, Nitrospirota, and FCPU426, leading to decreased relative abundance by more than 80%; while La_RES and iron-manganese-bound form of F were identified as the stress factors for the relative abundance of Nitrospirota, Elusimicrobiota, and GAL15, showing decline of more than 80% in LCF-polluted soils. Our study revealed both inhibition and promotion effects of the element interaction on the growth of microbial communities, providing a certain experimental evidence to support further exploration of the treatment of environmental pollution caused by these elements.
氟碳铈矿（CeFCO）的大规模开采导致周边农田土壤中镧（La）、铈（Ce）和氟（F）污染，严重威胁土壤生态系统安全。然而，La、Ce和F的各种化学形态对微生物群落组成的交互作用尚不清楚。在我们的研究中，基于四种复合污染土壤（即La + Ce（LC）、Ce + F（CF）、La + F（LF）和La + Ce + F（LCF））的盆栽试验进行高通量测序，这三种元素的污染浓度范围分别为20 - 240、40 - 450和150 - 900 mg/kg。采用改进的Tessier方法研究这些元素化学形态对土壤微生物组成变化的交互作用。结果表明，La的残留态（La_RES）对厌氧杆菌门有抑制作用，导致其在LC污染土壤最高浓度时未被检测到，而对微生物（浮霉菌门、迷踪菌门、芽单胞菌门和罗兹菌门）的相对丰度促进作用超过80%；CF污染土壤中，Ce和F的可交换态与有机结合态以及F的铁锰氧化物结合态和残留态被确定为敏感细菌（如WS4、迷踪菌门、RCP2 - 54和单毛菌门）的胁迫因子；在LF污染土壤中，La的水溶态对RCP2 - 54、硝化螺旋菌门和FCPU426毒性最大，导致相对丰度下降超过80%；而La_RES和F的铁锰氧化物结合态被确定为硝化螺旋菌门、迷踪菌门和GAL15相对丰度的胁迫因子，在LCF污染土壤中下降超过80%。我们的研究揭示了元素交互作用对微生物群落生长的抑制和促进作用，为进一步探索这些元素引起的环境污染治理提供了一定的实验依据。
