Liu Yanting, Liu Fang, Zeng Yan, Lin Liangbin, Yu Hui, Zhang Sunfu, Yang Wenyong
Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Urology, Medical Research Center, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2024 Dec 13;12:1514595. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1514595. eCollection 2024.
Tumor immunotherapy, modulating innate and adaptive immunity, has become an important therapeutic strategy. However, the tumor immune microenvironment's (TIME) complexity and heterogeneity challenge tumor immunotherapy. Hydrogel is a hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) mesh structure with good biocompatibility and drug release control, which is widely used in drug delivery, agriculture, industry, etc. Hydrogels loaded with immune cells, cytokines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and anti-tumor drugs can achieve targeted delivery and ultimately activate the immune response in the TIME. In this review, we will summarize the components of the TIME and their immune effects, the emerging immunomodulatory agents, the characteristics and functions of hydrogels, and how hydrogels regulate innate and adaptive immune cells in the TIME.
肿瘤免疫疗法可调节固有免疫和适应性免疫，已成为一种重要的治疗策略。然而，肿瘤免疫微环境（TIME）的复杂性和异质性对肿瘤免疫疗法构成了挑战。水凝胶是一种具有良好生物相容性和药物释放控制能力的亲水性三维（3D）网状结构，广泛应用于药物递送、农业、工业等领域。负载免疫细胞、细胞因子、免疫检查点抑制剂和抗肿瘤药物的水凝胶能够实现靶向递送，并最终激活TIME中的免疫反应。在这篇综述中，我们将总结TIME的组成部分及其免疫效应、新兴的免疫调节因子、水凝胶的特性和功能，以及水凝胶如何调节TIME中的固有免疫细胞和适应性免疫细胞。
