Junginger J, Frame C L
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1985 Mar;173(3):149-55. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198503000-00003.
This study was an assessment of several parameters of verbal hallucinations ("voices") based on the self-report of 52 hallucinating psychiatric patients. These subjects were asked to estimate the frequency of their hallucinations and to rate phenomenological aspects (loudness, clarity, location, reality) of their most recent hallucination. Each parameter was assessed with two visual analogue scales which differed in their wording of the dimension. Results showed that the reliability of the subjects' estimates on the parameters differed greatly. Clarity was most reliably reported and reality was least reliably reported. Historical notions that schizophrenics characteristically perceive external "voices" and that such "voices" are perceived as more real were not supported. There was a significant negative correlation between the perceived location and the perceived clarity of hallucinations. No significant differences in mean parameter scores were found between two groups of subjects, schizophrenics and affective psychotics.
本研究基于52名有幻觉的精神科患者的自我报告，对言语幻觉（“声音”）的几个参数进行了评估。这些受试者被要求估计其幻觉的频率，并对他们最近一次幻觉的现象学方面（响度、清晰度、位置、真实感）进行评分。每个参数都用两个视觉模拟量表进行评估，这两个量表在维度的措辞上有所不同。结果表明，受试者对这些参数估计的可靠性差异很大。清晰度的报告最为可靠，而真实感的报告最不可靠。关于精神分裂症患者典型地感知外部“声音”以及这种“声音”被感知为更真实的传统观念并未得到支持。幻觉的感知位置与感知清晰度之间存在显著的负相关。在精神分裂症患者和情感性精神病患者这两组受试者之间，平均参数得分没有显著差异。
