Ranjan Rajeev, Balhara Yatan Pal Singh, Mishra Biswa Ranjan, Ahmad Shamshad, Sarkar Siddharth, Bharti Ayushi, Panigrahi Sahadeb, Sinha Muskan, Rajguru Akanksha Jayant, Kumar Pankaj, Mohapatra Debadatta, Parmar Arpit, Jain Meha
Department of Psychiatry, Room No. 152, OPD Block, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, 801507, India.
National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
J Psychiatr Res. 2025 Jan;181:599-606. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.12.036. Epub 2024 Dec 24.
The current severity assessment measures for nomophobia have issues related to clinical applicability, which makes them difficult to be consistently applied in the Indian context. We aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of severity of Nomophobia.
This study was a two-phase, exploratory sequential mixed method design conducted across three centres in India. The development of the questionnaire included identification of the domains and items, inputs from experts and refining the questionnaire. EFA was carried out to check the internal consistency among items. CFA was carried out to test the factor structure of ISAN. Concurrent validity with NMP-Q was ascertained. Convergent and discriminant validity were tested using bivariate correlation analysis.
The qualitative findings from the initial exploration were developed into 27-item ISAN reviewed by experts for content validity. EFA showed that the questionnaire has good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient = 0.934) with a five-factor pattern matrix. CFA explained five-factor structure (Digital compulsion, Digital Intensement, Digital Obsession, Digital Detachment Distress and Digital Engagement) was deemed to be the most tenable comprising of 21 items. ISAN fits good on all indices (CMIN/df = 2.44, CFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.05, TLI = 0.92, IFI = 0.93) for the five-factor structure. Concurrent validity with NMP-Q was good (r = 0.695). Good to moderate associations were noted for the convergent (r = 0.985) and discriminant validity (r = -0.560) respectively.
ISAN (Indian Scale for Assessment of Nomophobia) is an accurate and reliable instrument that can measure nomophobia in the Indian youth population.
目前针对无手机恐惧症的严重程度评估方法存在临床适用性方面的问题，这使得它们难以在印度的背景下持续应用。我们旨在开发一种有效且可靠的工具来评估无手机恐惧症的严重程度。
本研究采用两阶段探索性序列混合方法设计，在印度的三个中心进行。问卷的开发包括确定领域和项目、征求专家意见以及完善问卷。进行探索性因子分析以检查项目之间的内部一致性。进行验证性因子分析以测试印度无手机恐惧症量表（ISAN）的因子结构。确定与无手机问题问卷（NMP-Q）的同时效度。使用双变量相关分析测试收敛效度和区分效度。
初步探索的定性结果被转化为一份由专家审查内容效度的27项ISAN问卷。探索性因子分析表明，该问卷具有良好的内部一致性（克朗巴哈α信度系数 = 0.934），呈现五因子模式矩阵。验证性因子分析解释了一个由21项组成的五因子结构（数字强迫、数字强化、数字痴迷、数字脱离痛苦和数字参与）被认为是最合理的。ISAN在五因子结构的所有指标上拟合良好（CMIN/df = 2.44，CFI = 0.93，RMSEA = 0.05，TLI = 0.92，IFI = 0.93）。与NMP-Q的同时效度良好（r = 0.695）。收敛效度（r = 0.985）和区分效度（r = -0.560）分别呈现良好到中等的相关性。
ISAN（印度无手机恐惧症评估量表）是一种准确可靠的工具，可用于测量印度青年人群中的无手机恐惧症。
