School of Social Work, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 3;18(9):4865. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094865.
Acute onset disasters impact children's and adolescents' psychological well-being, often leading to mental health challenges. The way a young person copes with the event plays a significant role in development of post-disaster psychopathology. Coping has been widely studied after acute onset disasters, however, difficulties conducting research in post-disaster contexts and the individualized nature of coping make accurate assessment of coping a significant challenge. A systematic literature search of multiple databases and previous reviews was conducted, exploring scholarly documentation of coping measurement and the relationship between coping and post-traumatic stress (PTSS) symptoms after acute onset disasters. A total of 384 peer-reviewed manuscripts were identified, and 18 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the current review. The studies examined coping and post-traumatic stress in the wake of acute onset disasters such as terrorist events and natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires. Greater PTSS symptoms were related to internalizing, externalizing, rumination, and avoidant coping strategies. Coping measurement was constrained due to measurement variance, lack of developmentally and contextually vali-dated instruments, theoretical misalignment, and absence of comprehensive tools to assess coping. Robust and consistent measures of coping should be established to inform research and interventions to reduce the impact of disasters on children's and adolescents' well-being.
急性发作灾难会影响儿童和青少年的心理健康，常常导致心理健康问题。年轻人应对事件的方式对灾后精神病理学的发展起着重要作用。急性发作灾难后，应对方式已被广泛研究，然而，在灾后环境中进行研究存在困难，应对方式具有个体性，这使得准确评估应对方式具有很大的挑战性。本研究通过对多个数据库和先前综述的系统文献检索，探讨了急性发作灾难后应对测量方法以及应对与创伤后应激症状（PTSS）之间的关系的文献记录。共确定了 384 篇同行评审的手稿，其中 18 篇文章符合纳入标准，并包含在本次综述中。这些研究考察了急性发作灾难（如恐怖事件）后以及飓风、地震和野火等自然灾害后应对和创伤后应激的关系。更多的创伤后应激症状与内省、外化、沉思和回避应对策略有关。由于测量方差、缺乏发展和情境验证的工具、理论不匹配以及缺乏全面的应对评估工具，应对测量受到限制。应该建立稳健且一致的应对措施衡量标准，为研究和干预措施提供信息，以减轻灾难对儿童和青少年福祉的影响。
