Ayalew Gizealew, Asmamaw Asegedech, Wolde Mistire, Diriba Regasa, Zerfu Biruk
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box 9086, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Jan 3;25(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-10409-w.
Bacterial infections commonly complicate cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), worsening the disease and delaying healing. Despite this, there is a gap in research concerning the characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms associated in CL patients. This study aims to identify bacterial isolates and drug susceptibility patterns in CL patients. A purposive cross-sectional study was conducted among CL patients attending the ALERT hospital from January 2021 to June 2021. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic and clinical data. Each patient's lesion was aseptically sampled with two swabs. The swabs were aseptically inoculated onto blood agar plates (BAP) and Mac Conkey agar (MAC) and cultured following standard protocols. The isolates were identified by gram staining, colony morphology, and biochemical testing. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were done using the disk diffusion technique according to 2021 CLSI guidelines. SPSS version 20 was used to enter and analyze data. In this study 384 CL patients (66.9% male), aged 2-85 years were enrolled. 390 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from CL lesions, with 58.0% and 42.0% Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. S aureus (41.5%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (14.4%), Citrobacter spp. (10.8%), Klebsiella spp. (9.9%), and Proteus spp. (7.9%) were the most commonly identified bacteria. Over 80% of the isolates demonstrated multi-drug resistance to two or more antibiotics. S. aureus showed high resistance to penicillin (86.4%), methicillin (83.9%), and tetracycline (47.5%). These findings highlight the critical needs of microbial diagnostics and antibiotic susceptibility testing in CL patients due to the rising prevalence of drug-resistance, including the multi-drug resistant bacteria.
细菌感染常使皮肤利什曼病（CL）复杂化，加剧病情并延缓愈合。尽管如此，关于CL患者相关致病微生物特征的研究仍存在空白。本研究旨在确定CL患者的细菌分离株及药敏模式。2021年1月至2021年6月，在ALERT医院就诊的CL患者中进行了一项有目的的横断面研究。使用标准化问卷收集社会人口学和临床数据。用两根拭子对每位患者的皮损进行无菌采样。拭子无菌接种于血琼脂平板（BAP）和麦康凯琼脂（MAC）上，并按照标准方案培养。通过革兰氏染色、菌落形态和生化试验鉴定分离株。根据2021年CLSI指南，采用纸片扩散法进行药敏模式检测。使用SPSS 20版录入和分析数据。本研究纳入了384例CL患者（男性占66.9%），年龄在2至85岁之间。从CL皮损中分离出390株病原菌，革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌分别占58.0%和42.0%。金黄色葡萄球菌（41.5%）、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（14.4%）、柠檬酸杆菌属（10.8%）、克雷伯菌属（9.9%）和变形杆菌属（7.9%）是最常鉴定出的细菌。超过80%的分离株对两种或更多抗生素表现出多重耐药性。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素（86.4%）、甲氧西林（83.9%）和四环素（47.5%）表现出高耐药性。这些发现凸显了由于耐药性（包括多重耐药菌）患病率上升，对CL患者进行微生物诊断和抗生素药敏试验的迫切需求。
