Volavka J, Pollock V, Gabrielli W F, Mednick S A
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1985;3:21-36. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7715-7_3.
Alcoholics tend to have a relatively small amount of alpha and a large amount of beta activity in their EEG. This pattern may be a consequence or an antecedent of alcoholism. Attempts to demonstrate this EEG pattern in subjects who were at high risk (HR) for alcoholism (because they had alcoholic fathers) have yielded equivocal results. However, electrophysiological changes elicited by a single dose of alcohol differentiated HR subjects from controls. The HR subjects exhibited greater increases of slow-alpha energy and greater decreases of fast-alpha energy after alcohol administration than controls. In another study, the HR subjects showed a greater decrease of a late positive component of the auditory-evoked potential after alcohol than controls. Thus the HR subjects show greater electrophysiological responses to alcohol than controls. These effects are not related to differences in alcohol metabolism, and they may reflect a biologic marker for CNS sensitivity to alcohol. Alternative interpretations of these findings are discussed and suggestions for further research are offered.
酗酒者的脑电图往往显示α波活动相对较少，β波活动较多。这种模式可能是酗酒的结果，也可能是酗酒的先兆。试图在酗酒高危人群（HR）（因为他们有酗酒的父亲）中证明这种脑电图模式，结果并不明确。然而，单剂量酒精引起的电生理变化使HR受试者与对照组有所区分。与对照组相比，HR受试者在摄入酒精后，慢α波能量增加更多，快α波能量减少更多。在另一项研究中，HR受试者在饮酒后听觉诱发电位的晚期正波成分下降幅度比对照组更大。因此，HR受试者对酒精的电生理反应比对照组更强烈。这些影响与酒精代谢的差异无关，它们可能反映了中枢神经系统对酒精敏感性的生物学标记。文中讨论了这些发现的其他解释，并提供了进一步研究的建议。
