Pinello Katia, Leite-Martins Liliana, Gregório Hugo, Oliveira Filipe, Kimura Katia C, Dagli Maria Lúcia Z, de Matos Augusto, Niza-Ribeiro João
Vet-OncoNet, Population Studies Department, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar-, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto (ISPUP), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal.
UPVet - Veterinary Hospital, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Veterinary Clinics Departament, ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228 4050-313. Porto, Portugal.
Top Companion Anim Med. 2025 Mar-Apr;65:100948. doi: 10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100948. Epub 2025 Jan 4.
Environmental factors, largely influenced by human behavior, account for approximately 80 % of malignant tumors. Risk factors associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been identified in various countries among both humans and domestic animals. This study aimed to investigate potential risk factors for NHL in dogs residing in the district of Porto, Portugal. A comprehensive survey comprising 70 questions was undertaken and given to 113 dog owners, including 55 cases and 58 controls. Our findings revealed that dogs weighing over 10 kg (OR=9.1, p < 0.001), purebred dogs (OR=2.4, p = 0.037), those with consuming homemade food (OR=2.7, p = 0.03), and fruits and vegetables (OR=2.8, p = 0.022) exhibited higher odds of developing lymphoma. Notably, dogs with lymphoma were exposed to a significantly higher mean smoking index compared to the control group (13.7, SD=12.5 vs. 8.4, SD=9.3, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that lymphoma risk in dogs seems to be influenced by a combination of innate (genetic) factors and modifiable environmental factors linked to owner habits. Nevertheless, further large-scale epidemiological studies are warranted to validate these results.
环境因素在很大程度上受人类行为影响，约占恶性肿瘤的80%。在各个国家，人类和家畜中都已确定了与非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）相关的风险因素。本研究旨在调查居住在葡萄牙波尔图地区的犬类患NHL的潜在风险因素。我们开展了一项包含70个问题的全面调查，并将其发放给113位犬主，其中包括55例病例和58例对照。我们的研究结果显示，体重超过10千克的犬（比值比=9.1，p<0.001）、纯种犬（比值比=2.4，p = 0.037）、食用自制食物的犬（比值比=2.7，p = 0.03）以及食用水果和蔬菜的犬（比值比=2.8，p = 0.022）患淋巴瘤的几率更高。值得注意的是，与对照组相比，患淋巴瘤的犬暴露于显著更高的平均吸烟指数（分别为13.7，标准差=12.5和8.4，标准差=9.3，p<0.001）。这些研究结果表明，犬类患淋巴瘤的风险似乎受到先天（遗传）因素以及与主人习惯相关的可改变环境因素的综合影响。然而，仍需要进一步开展大规模流行病学研究来验证这些结果。
