Li Ruixue, Wang Hui, Wang Qinjian, Zhang Zhiqiang, Wang Li
College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Dec 18;11:1496306. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1496306. eCollection 2024.
In this study, an acid-assisted extraction strategy was used to extract a novel polysaccharide (ACP) from after which this polysaccharide was purified and subjected to extensive characterization. ACP was determined to have an average molecular weight of 15,580 Da in structural characterization studies, and it was found to primarily consist of glucose, galactose, L-fucose, and fructose at an 82.14:12.23:2.61:2.49 ratio. Trace amounts of xylose, arabinose, and rhamnose were also detected in ACP preparations at a 0.48:0.04:0.02 ratio. GC-MS analyses identified eight different sugar linkages within ACP, including Glc-(1→, →2)-Glc-(1→, →6)-Glc-(1→, →4)-Glc-(1→, →3, 4)-Glc-(1→, →2,4) -Gal-(1→, →4,6)-Gal-(1→, and →3,4,6)-Gal-(1 → linkages present at 23.70:1.30:3.55:50.77:6.91:1.10:11.50:1.18 molar percent ratios. One-dimensional NMR, two-dimensional NMR, and methylation analyses ultimately revealed that the polysaccharide is mainly composed of →4)--D-Glc-(1 → and a small amount→4,6)--D-Gal-(1 → and →3,4)--D-Glc-(1 → and so on. Branched chain is mainly composed of α-D-Glc-(1 → 4)--D-Glc-(1 → connected to the sugar residues α-D-Glc-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glc-(1 → O-4 position or sugar residues of α-D-Glc-(1 → 4)-β-D-Glc-(1 → O-3 position. ACP treatment in SAMP8 mice was associated with reductions in oxidative stress and brain pathology together with enhanced cognitive function. ACP treated SAMP8 mice also presented with increases in abundance and reduced and abundance. Thus, ACP can prevent Alzheimer's disease by modulating the microbe-gut-brain axis.
在本研究中，采用酸辅助提取策略从[具体来源未给出]中提取了一种新型多糖（ACP），之后对该多糖进行了纯化并进行了广泛表征。在结构表征研究中，测定ACP的平均分子量为15,580 Da，发现其主要由葡萄糖、半乳糖、L-岩藻糖和果糖以82.14:12.23:2.61:2.49的比例组成。在ACP制剂中还检测到痕量的木糖、阿拉伯糖和鼠李糖，比例为0.48:0.04:0.02。气相色谱-质谱分析确定ACP内有八种不同的糖键，包括Glc-(1→, →2)-Glc-(1→, →6)-Glc-(1→, →4)-Glc-(1→, →3, 4)-Glc-(1→, →2,4) -Gal-(1→, →4,6)-Gal-(1→, 和→3,4,6)-Gal-(1→键，其摩尔百分比比例为23.70:1.30:3.55:50.77:6.91:1.10:11.50:1.18。一维核磁共振、二维核磁共振和甲基化分析最终表明，该多糖主要由→4)--D-葡萄糖-(1→和少量→4,6)--D-半乳糖-(1→以及→3,4)--D-葡萄糖-(1→等组成。支链主要由连接到糖残基α-D-葡萄糖-(1→4)-β-D-葡萄糖-(1→O-4位置或α-D-葡萄糖-(1→4)-β-D-葡萄糖-(1→O-3位置的糖残基的α-D-葡萄糖-(1→4)--D-葡萄糖-(1→组成。对SAMP8小鼠进行ACP处理与氧化应激和脑病理学的减轻以及认知功能的增强相关。经ACP处理的SAMP8小鼠还表现出[具体物质1]丰度增加以及[具体物质2]和[具体物质3]丰度降低。因此，ACP可通过调节微生物-肠道-脑轴预防阿尔茨海默病。
