Addante Richard J, Clise Evan, Waechter Randall, Bengson Jesse, Drane Daniel L, Perez-Caban Jahdiel
Florida Institute of Technology, Department of Psychology, 150 W. University Dr., Melbourne, FL 32905, USA.
Florida Institute of Technology, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Melbourne, FL 32905, USA.
iScience. 2024 Nov 22;27(12):111439. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111439. eCollection 2024 Dec 20.
Episodic memory is accounted for with two processes: "familiarity" when generally recognizing an item and "recollection" when retrieving the full contextual details bound with the item. We tested a combination of item recognition confidence and source memory, focusing upon three conditions: "item-only hits with source unknown" ('item familiarity'), "low-confidence hits with correct source memory" ('context familiarity'), and "high-confidence hits with correct source memory" ('recollection'). Behaviorally, context familiarity was slower than the others during item recognition, but faster during source memory. Electrophysiologically, a triple dissociation was evident in event-related potentials (ERPs), which was independently replicated. Context familiarity exhibited a negative effect from 800 to 1200 ms, differentiated from positive ERPs for item-familiarity (400-600 ms) and recollection (600-900 ms). These three conditions thus reflect mutually exclusive, fundamentally different processes of episodic memory, and we offer a new, tri-component model of memory. Context familiarity is a third distinct process of episodic memory.
一是在一般情况下识别某个项目时的“熟悉感”，二是在检索与该项目相关的完整情境细节时的“回忆”。我们测试了项目识别信心和源记忆的组合，重点关注三种情况：“仅项目命中但源未知”（“项目熟悉感”）、“低信心命中且源记忆正确”（“情境熟悉感”）以及“高信心命中且源记忆正确”（“回忆”）。在行为层面，情境熟悉感在项目识别过程中比其他两种情况慢，但在源记忆过程中更快。在电生理层面，事件相关电位（ERP）中存在明显的三重分离，且该结果得到了独立重复验证。情境熟悉感在800至1200毫秒之间呈现负效应，与项目熟悉感（400 - 600毫秒）和回忆（600 - 900毫秒）的正ERP有所区别。因此，这三种情况反映了情景记忆中相互排斥、本质上不同的过程，我们提出了一种新的记忆三成分模型。情境熟悉感是情景记忆中第三个独特的过程。
