Xingzun Zun, Hongtao Wang
College of Landscape Architecture, Changchun University, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin, China.
Changbiashan Key Laboratory of Biological Germplasm Resources Evaluation and Application, Tonghua Normal University, Dongchang District, Tonghua City, Jilin, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 6;20(1):e0313337. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313337. eCollection 2025.
Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde is a remarkable and important spring ephemeral plant and gained considerable attention because of its remarkable medicinal properties. Extensive research has been conducted on its therapeutic applications, physical characteristics, flowering patterns, reproductive, cultural and molecular biology. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the metabolic changes associated with flower developmental stages. This study was designed to investigate the changes in metabolites and their interrelationships at five distinct developmental stages of A. amurensis flower: Flower Primordium (FP), Sepal Stage (SE), Perianth Primordium (PE), Stamens Stage (SE), and Pistil Stage (PI). High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was utilized to investigate and characterize the metabolites associated with specific flower developmental stages. The various stages of flower development exerted a substantial influence on both the quantity and composition of metabolites present, signifying significant changes in the types and quantities of metabolites throughout the developmental progression of the flower. Metabolite Set Enrichment Analysis (MSEA) and annotation via the KEGG database highlighted enriched pathways such as flavonoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction, which are crucial for flower maturation. The highest number of differentially expressed metabolites was identified between the SE and PI stages, emphasizing a marked appreciation in metabolite expression linked to the development of reproductive organs. Key pathways such as flavonoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction were markedly enriched, underscoring their roles in flower maturation and potential pharmacological applications. Our research not only helps us in understanding the metabolomic dynamics during the flower development of A. amurensis but also emphasizes the potential pharmacological implication of stage-specific metabolites. Identifying these metabolites can help targeted bioprospecting and optimization of extraction methods to tackle the plant's full therapeutic potential, particularly in the development of treatments for cardiac insufficiency, edema, and possibly cancer.
冰凉花（Adonis amurensis Regel et Radde）是一种显著且重要的早春短命植物，因其卓越的药用特性而备受关注。人们对其治疗应用、物理特性、开花模式、繁殖、栽培及分子生物学进行了广泛研究。然而，对于与花发育阶段相关的代谢变化仍缺乏全面了解。本研究旨在调查冰凉花花发育五个不同阶段：花原基（FP）、萼片期（SE）、花被原基（PE）、雄蕊期（SE）和雌蕊期（PI）的代谢物变化及其相互关系。利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS）技术研究和表征与特定花发育阶段相关的代谢物。花发育的各个阶段对代谢物的数量和组成均产生了重大影响，这表明在花的整个发育过程中代谢物的类型和数量发生了显著变化。代谢物集富集分析（MSEA）及通过KEGG数据库进行的注释突出了黄酮类生物合成和植物激素信号转导等富集途径，这些途径对花的成熟至关重要。在SE和PI阶段之间鉴定出的差异表达代谢物数量最多，这强调了与生殖器官发育相关的代谢物表达有显著增加。黄酮类生物合成和植物激素信号转导等关键途径明显富集，突显了它们在花成熟及潜在药理学应用中的作用。我们的研究不仅有助于我们了解冰凉花花发育过程中的代谢组学动态，还强调了阶段特异性代谢物的潜在药理学意义。鉴定这些代谢物有助于有针对性的生物勘探和提取方法的优化，以充分发挥该植物的治疗潜力，特别是在治疗心脏功能不全、水肿以及可能的癌症方面。
