Abbasi Maliheh, Kolbadinezhad Nadia, Rostami Somayeh, Ahmadi Mahya
Department of Nursing, Bandar Gaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Gaz, Iran.
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jan 6;24(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02567-8.
Supportive care has been found to improve quality of life and reduce the disease burden for aging individuals. After a heart attack, elderly patients often require a caregiver. In developing communities, caregiving responsibilities frequently fall on family members. Accordingly, we designed a randomized controlled clinical trial to assess the effect of an educational program on perceived stress and care burden among family caregivers of elderly heart attack patients.
In this clinical trial (IRCT20220905055894N1, 01/02/2023), family member caregivers were the study participants, assigned to either intervention or control groups using a simple random sampling method. The control group received only routine in-home caregiving information, without additional nurse training or support, whereas the intervention group received multimedia-based training, monitoring, and communication support from a trained nurse over one month. Perceived stress levels and caregiving burden were measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Caregiving Burden Inventory, respectively.
Before the intervention, a high level of caregiving stress (34.07 ± 8.61 in the control group vs. 34.17 ± 8.62 in the intervention group) and burden (77.7 ± 15.51 in the control group vs. 79 ± 15.6 in the intervention group) was observed. After one month of intervention, the average scores of stress and burden remained unchanged in the control group, whereas the intervention group showed a significant reduction (P < 0.001). The inter-group comparison revealed lower levels of stress and care burden in the intervention group (P < 0.001).
A brief multimedia education intervention could help alleviate the stressful conditions experienced by family caregivers of elderly heart attack patients. Future studies could investigate whether a more extended educational program would have more lasting effects.
研究发现，支持性护理可改善老年人的生活质量并减轻其疾病负担。心脏病发作后，老年患者通常需要护理人员。在发展中社区，护理责任往往落在家庭成员身上。因此，我们设计了一项随机对照临床试验，以评估一项教育计划对老年心脏病发作患者家庭护理人员感知压力和护理负担的影响。
在这项临床试验（IRCT20220905055894N1，2023年2月1日）中，家庭成员护理人员为研究参与者，采用简单随机抽样方法将其分为干预组或对照组。对照组仅接受常规的居家护理信息，没有额外的护士培训或支持，而干预组在一个月内接受了来自一名经过培训的护士的基于多媒体的培训、监测和沟通支持。分别使用感知压力量表（PSS）和护理负担量表测量感知压力水平和护理负担。
干预前，观察到较高水平的护理压力（对照组为34.07±8.61，干预组为34.17±8.62）和负担（对照组为77.7±15.51，干预组为79±15.6）。干预一个月后，对照组的压力和负担平均得分保持不变，而干预组则显著降低（P<0.001）。组间比较显示，干预组的压力和护理负担水平较低（P<0.001）。
简短的多媒体教育干预有助于减轻老年心脏病发作患者家庭护理人员所经历的压力状况。未来的研究可以调查更长期的教育计划是否会产生更持久的效果。
