Xiong Taidi, Chen Zhilong, Hassan Mubashar, Zhu Cui, Wang Junyan, Tan Shujun, Ding Fayuan, Cheng Zhonggang, Ye Jinling, Fan Qiuli, Xu Danlei, Jiang Shouqun, Ruan Dong
Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, China.
School of Animal Science and Technology, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 19;14(24):3670. doi: 10.3390/ani14243670.
In this study, broilers were selected as the research object to investigate the effects and mechanisms of dietary gallic acid (GA) supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant capacity, and muscle fiber-related gene expression. A total of 750 one-day-old healthy 817 male crossbred broiler chickens were divided into five treatment groups, with six replicates per group. Birds in the control (CON) group and LPS-challenged treatment (LPS) group were fed a basal diet, and birds in the other three treatment groups received the basal diet with 150, 300, or 450 mg/kg added GA (GA150, GA300, GA450). On days 14, 17, and 20, chickens in the LPS, GA150, GA300, and GA450 groups received intramuscular injections of LPS, while chickens in the CON group received saline. The results showed that the addition of GA to the diet could effectively increase the average daily gain (ADG) of broilers from 1 to 50 days of age, and had a trend ( = 0.078) of increasing the average daily feed intake (ADFI). Adding 450 mg/kg GA to the diet significantly reduced ( < 0.05) the drip loss and pH value of pectoral muscles 45 min after slaughter, and significantly increased ( < 0.05) the lightness value of pectoral muscles 45 min post-slaughter. With an increase in GA level, the content of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) in pectoral muscles decreased linearly ( < 0.05), and the concentration of C22:6n-3 increased linearly ( < 0.05). GA effectively improved ( < 0.05) the antioxidant capacity of muscles and significantly increased ( < 0.05) the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in pectoral muscles after LPS stimulation, exhibiting linear and quadratic changes ( < 0.05). It also significantly increased ( < 0.05) the activity of hydrogen peroxide and decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), while it linearly decreased ( < 0.05) the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, the dietary supplementation of GA significantly increased ( < 0.05) the expression levels of myosin heavy chain () and in pectoral muscles and significantly decreased ( < 0.05) the expression level of . In summary, the dietary addition of GA can alleviate the effect of the stress response on the growth performance of broiler chickens and improve antioxidant capacity and meat quality. The appropriate amount of dietary GA at each stage was 300 mg/kg.
本研究以肉鸡为研究对象，探讨日粮添加没食子酸（GA）对其生长性能、肉质、抗氧化能力及肌纤维相关基因表达的影响及作用机制。选取750只1日龄健康817雄性杂交肉鸡，分为5个处理组，每组6个重复。对照组（CON）和脂多糖刺激处理组（LPS）的鸡饲喂基础日粮，其他3个处理组的鸡在基础日粮中分别添加150、300或450 mg/kg GA（GA150、GA300、GA450）。在第14、17和20天，LPS组、GA150组、GA300组和GA450组的鸡肌肉注射脂多糖，CON组的鸡注射生理盐水。结果表明，日粮添加GA可有效提高1至50日龄肉鸡的平均日增重（ADG），且有提高平均日采食量（ADFI）的趋势（P = 0.078）。日粮添加450 mg/kg GA可显著降低（P < 0.05）屠宰后45 min胸肌的滴水损失和pH值，并显著提高（P < 0.05）屠宰后45 min胸肌的亮度值。随着GA水平的升高，胸肌中总挥发性盐基氮（TVB-N）含量呈线性下降（P < 0.05），C22:6n-3浓度呈线性上升（P < 0.05）。GA有效提高了（P < 0.05）肌肉的抗氧化能力，并显著提高（P < 0.05）了脂多糖刺激后胸肌中总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）的活性，呈现线性和二次变化（P < 0.05）。它还显著提高了（P < 0.05）过氧化氢酶活性，降低了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性，同时使丙二醛（MDA）含量呈线性下降（P < 0.05）。此外，日粮添加GA显著提高了（P < 0.05）胸肌中肌球蛋白重链（MyHC）Ⅰ和Ⅱb的表达水平，并显著降低了（P < 0.05）MyHCⅡa的表达水平。综上所述，日粮添加GA可缓解应激反应对肉鸡生长性能的影响，提高抗氧化能力和肉质。各阶段日粮GA的适宜添加量为300 mg/kg。
