Heller A, Rafman S, Zvagulis I, Pless I B
Am J Dis Child. 1985 Mar;139(3):257-63. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140050051021.
A one-year prospective study was conducted to examine the extent to which type of disability, severity, and family functioning serve to predict maladjustment. One hundred forty children, aged 4 to 13 years, born with cardiovascular disorders, cleft lip or palate, or hearing defects were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist at two points in time. The results suggest that the type of disorder and severity are associated with remaining or becoming maladjusted. Deaf girls and boys with cardiac problems were most likely to be affected, followed by boys with clefts and boys with hearing problems. A direct relationship is found with severity assessed by the Functional Status Measure. Family functioning, however, is not significantly related to maladjustment. These findings provide a framework for better understanding factors contributing to the increased risk of maladjustment for some children with birth defects.
开展了一项为期一年的前瞻性研究，以考察残疾类型、严重程度和家庭功能在多大程度上可预测适应不良情况。对140名年龄在4至13岁、患有心血管疾病、唇腭裂或听力缺陷的儿童在两个时间点使用儿童行为量表进行了评估。结果表明，疾病类型和严重程度与持续存在或出现适应不良情况有关。患有心脏问题的失聪女孩和男孩受影响的可能性最大，其次是患有唇腭裂的男孩和有听力问题的男孩。研究发现适应不良情况与功能状态测量所评估的严重程度存在直接关系。然而，家庭功能与适应不良情况并无显著关联。这些研究结果为更好地理解导致一些出生缺陷儿童适应不良风险增加的因素提供了一个框架。
