Gaskell Christine, Lutimba Stuart, Bendriss Ghizlane, Aleem Eiman
Premedical Division, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha P.O. Box 24144, Qatar.
Cancer Biology and Therapy Research Group, School of Applied Sciences, Division of Human Sciences, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Dec 17;16(24):4205. doi: 10.3390/cancers16244205.
The relationship between obesity, physical activity, and cancer has not been well studied across different countries. The age-standardized rate of cancer in the UK is double-triple that in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCCCs). Here, we study the association between obesity, physical activity, and cancer incidence with the aim to elucidate cancer epidemiology and risk factors in two geographically, ethnically, and climatically different parts of the world.
Our systematic search (from 2016 to 2023) in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO databases resulted in 64 studies totaling 13,609,578 participants. The Cochrane risk of bias tool, GRADE, R programming language, and the meta package were used.
Significant associations between obesity and cancer were found in both regions, with a stronger association in the UK ( ≤ 0.0001) than the GCCCs ( = 0.0042). While physical inactivity alone did not show a statistically significant association with cancer incidence, the pooled hazard ratio analysis revealed that the presence of both obesity and physical inactivity was associated with a significantly higher cancer incidence. The most common types of cancer were breast cancer in the UK and colorectal cancer across the GCCCs.
Although both regions share similarities, advanced healthcare systems, genetic characteristics, dietary habits, and cultural practices may influence cancer incidence and types.
肥胖、体力活动与癌症之间的关系在不同国家尚未得到充分研究。英国的年龄标准化癌症发病率是海湾合作委员会国家（GCCCs）的两倍至三倍。在此，我们研究肥胖、体力活动与癌症发病率之间的关联，旨在阐明世界上两个地理、种族和气候不同地区的癌症流行病学及风险因素。
我们在PubMed、EMBASE、Scopus和APA PsycINFO数据库中进行系统检索（2016年至2023年），共检索到64项研究，总计13,609,578名参与者。使用了Cochrane偏倚风险工具、GRADE、R编程语言和meta包。
在两个地区均发现肥胖与癌症之间存在显著关联，英国的关联更强（≤0.0001），高于海湾合作委员会国家（=0.0042）。虽然单独的体力活动不足与癌症发病率未显示出统计学上的显著关联，但汇总风险比分析显示，肥胖和体力活动不足同时存在与显著更高的癌症发病率相关。英国最常见的癌症类型是乳腺癌，而海湾合作委员会国家则是结直肠癌。
尽管两个地区存在相似之处，但先进的医疗系统、遗传特征、饮食习惯和文化习俗可能会影响癌症发病率和类型。
